rainfall and evapotranspiration are the two most popular climatic factors which have crucial function on agricultural production. rainfall can be directly measured easily in an area but evapotranspiration is estimated from weather data. in this study reference evapotranspiration eto was estimated using penman–monteith equation. monthly rainfall and evapotarnspiration were plotted and compared i...

Remotely sensed images of the Earth’s surface provide information about the spatial distribution of evapotranspiration. Since the spatial resolution of evapotranspiration predictions depends on the sensor type; scaling transfer between images of different scales needs to be investigated. The objectives of this study are first to validate the consistency of SEBAL algorithms for satellite images ...

Order statistics arising from exponentiated gamma (EG) distribution are considered. Closed from expressions for the single and double moments of order statistics are derived. Measures of skewness and kurtosis of the probability density function of the rth order statistic for different choices of r, n and /theta are presented. Recurrence relations between single and double moments of r...

This study examines the impact of the nonlinear dynamics of soil-moisture feedbacks to precipitation on the temporal variability of soil moisture at the regional scale. It is a modeling study in which the large-scale soil-water balance is first formulated as an ordinary differential equation and then recast as a stochastic differential equation by incorporating colored noise representing the hi...

Practical concept of velocity distribution of pressure flow in the bends is interesting and hence, the professional engineering design has been investigated in the current study. This paper shows that velocity distribution in the bends can be analyzed in terms of the probability distributions. The concept of entropy based on the probability is an applied and new approach to achieve velocity pro...

The authors propose a new climatic drought index: the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI). The SPEI is based on precipitation and temperature data, and it has the advantage of combining multiscalar character with the capacity to include the effects of temperature variability on drought assessment. The procedure to calculate the index is detailed and involves a climatic wa...

Consider a sequence of n independent observations from a population of increasing size αi, i = 1,2,... and an absolutely continuous initial distribution function. The distribution of the kth record value is represented as a countable mixture, with mixing the distribution of the kth record time and mixed the distribution of the nth order statistic. Precisely, the distribution function and (pow...

This paper studies the operating characteristics of an MX/Hk/1 queueing system under multiple vacation policy. It is assumed that the server goes for vacation as soon as the system becomes empty. When he returns from a vacation and there is one or more customers waiting in the queue, he serves these customers until the system becomes empty again, otherwise goes for another vacation. The brea...

We propose and analyze a generalized self-healing key distribution using vector space access structure in order to reach more flexible performance of the scheme. Our self-healing technique enables better performance gain over previous approaches in terms of storage, communication and computation complexity. We provide rigorous treatment of security of our scheme in an appropriate security frame...

Evapotranspiration data are important for water resources management and irrigation design management. The present work aimed to determine the probable reference evapotranspiration Chapecó, Santa Catarina. Daily from 07/01/1973 11/30/2016 Chapecó meteorological station were used. was calculated using Penman-Monteith method grouped into pentads. average, maximum minimum values per pentad as well...