by identifying the damage index of a structure, in addition to a correct understanding from real behavior of the structure, the required criterion for strengthening would be given. researchers have given many relations for determination of damage index but such relations have been based upon laboratory methods which challenge their usage in a broad term. in this paper two new methods are given ...

Heat and air conditioning losses in buildings and factories lead to a large amount of wasted energy. The Action Plan for Energy Efficiency of the Commission of the European Communities (2008) estimates that the largest cost-effective energy savings potential lies in residential (≈ 27%) and commercial (≈ 30%) buildings. Imagine a technology that creates a precise digital 3D model of heat distrib...

BACKGROUND Energy crisis in 1973 led to smaller residential and office buildings with lower air changes. This resulted in development of Sick Building Syndrome (SBS). The objective of this study was to assess the association of SBS with individual factors and indoor air pollutants among employees in two office buildings of Petroleum Industry Health Organization in Tehran city. MATERIALS AND M...

About the Author Max Sherman, Ph.D., is a senior scientist and group leader of the Energy Performance of Buildings Group at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in Berkeley, Calif. He is former chair of Standards Project Committee 62.2P, Ventilation and Acceptable Indoor Air Quality for Low-Rise Residential Buildings. s HVAC&R professionals, our major concern is the engineering of indoor envir...

This paper reviews the most important energy storage systems for applications in residential environments. Normally, these systems are associated with renewable energy in order to achieve specific characteristics, although new possibilities and challenges are implemented over them in any residential places. Nowadays, the development of such kind of energy systems represents a technical challeng...

Various green projects were executed to reduce the energy consumption in building sector. In particular, it is necessary to improve the thermal insulation performance of existing residential buildings. Even though it is critical to evaluate the thermal insulation performance in operation and maintenance phase, most of the policies and previous studies have focused on thermal insulation material...