in front wheels driven vehicles, fuel economy can be obtained by summing torques applied to rear wheels. on the other hand, unequal torques applied to rear wheels provides enhanced safety. in this paper, a model with seven degrees of freedom is considered for the vehicle body. thereafter, power-train subsystems are modeled. considering an electrical machine on each rear wheel, a fuzzy controlle...

By data driven we mean a method, where the data definitions and the data structures build a stable foundation for both databases and programs. The method builds on the philosophy that the basic data structure in a company is stable while the information requirements and the organisation will frequently undergo changes. It is therefore important that databases and EDP-systems can comply with cha...

pulse-width modulated (pwm) adjustable frequency drives (afds) are extensively used in industries for control of induction motors. it has led to significant advantages in terms of the performance, size, and efficiency but the output voltage waveform no longer remains sinusoidal. hence, overshoots, high rate of rise, harmonics and transients are observed in the voltage wave. they increase voltag...

This study examines the capability of the Relevance Vector Machine (RVM) and Multivariate Adaptive Regression Spline (MARS) for prediction of ultimate capacity of driven piles and drilled shafts. RVM is a sparse method for training generalized linear models, while MARS technique is basically an adaptive piece-wise regression approach. In this paper, pile capacity prediction models are developed...

Entrepreneurship is influenced by many factors and environments such as institutions. Institutions have an important role to play in the individual's tendency toward necessity and opportunity entrepreneurship. The purpose of this paper was to examine the impact of institutional quality (property rights) on opportunity and necessity entrepreneurship. The results, based on unbalanced panel data f...