Proteins are important in bacterial adhesion, but interactions at molecular-scales between proteins and specific functional groups are not well understood. The adhesion forces between four proteins [bovine serum albumin (BSA), protein A, lysozyme, and poly-d-lysine] and COOH, NH2 and OH-functionalized (latex) colloids were examined using colloid probe atomic force microscopy (AFM) as the functi...

INTRODUCTION Several clinical trials on Goal directed fluid therapy (GDFT) were carried out, many of those using colloids in order to optimize the preload. After the decision of European Medicines Agency, there is such controversy regarding its use, benefits, and possible contribution to renal failure. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to compare the use of last-gener...

The thermodynamic equilibrium between charged colloids and an electrolyte reservoir is named after Frederic Donnan who first published on it one century ago (Donnan 1911 Z. Electrochem. 17 572). One of the intriguing features of the Donnan equilibrium is the ensuing osmotic equation of state which is a nonlinear one, even when both colloids and ions obey Van 't Hoff's ideal osmotic pressure law...

A method for direct visualization of the position of nanoscale colloidal particles at air-water interfaces is presented. After assembling hard (polystyrene, poly(methyl methacrylate), silica) or soft core-shell gold-hydrogel composite (Au@PNiPAAm) colloids at the air-water interface, butylcyanoacrylate is introduced to the interface via the gas phase. Upon contact with water, an anionic polymer...

Although the potential application of biochar in soil remediation has been recognized, the effect of biochar on the transport of clay colloids, and accordingly the fate of colloid-associated contaminants, is unclear to date. This study conducted saturated column experiments to systematically examine transport of clay colloids in biochar-amended sand porous media in different electrolytes at dif...

-Transport and deposition of colloidal Fe, Mn and A! oxides play key roles in the cycling of toxic transition metals in aquatic environments because these colloids strongly bind transition metals. Further, attachment of biological cells and biofilm growth on surfaces can indirectly affect toxic metal distribution by influencing the deposition of colloidal oxides to surfaces. To elucidate the me...

Outermost occupied electron shells of chemical elements can have symmetries resembling that of monopoles, dipoles, quadrupoles and octupoles corresponding to filled s-, p-, d- and f-orbitals. Theoretically, elements with hexadecapolar outer shells could also exist, but none of the known elements have filled g-orbitals. On the other hand, the research paradigm of 'colloidal atoms' displays compl...

Packed column and mathematical modeling studies were conducted to explore the influence of water saturation, pore-water ionic strength, and grain size on the transport of latex microspheres (1.1 microm) in porous media. Experiments were carried out under chemically unfavorable conditions for colloid attachment to both solid-water interfaces (SWI) and air-water interfaces (AWI) using negatively ...

Glycerol is an attractive renewable building block for the synthesis of polyglycerols, which find application in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. The selective etherification of glycerol to higher oligomers was studied in the presence of CaO colloids and the data are compared with those obtained from NaOH and CaO. The materials were prepared by dispersing CaO, CaCO3 , or Ca(OH)2 onto...

We describe an exciting opportunity for affinity biosensing using a ratiometric approach to the angular-dependent light scattering from bioactivated and subsequently aggregated noble metal colloids. This new model sensing platform utilizes the changes in particle scattering from very small colloids, which scatter light according to traditional Rayleigh theory, as compared to the changes in scat...