The February 2021 cold air outbreak (CAO) was a high-impact event in the South-Central Plains of United States. This study examines important precursors to that likely impacted its predictability subseasonal forecasts. We use reanalysis show CAO facilitated by two distinct wave breaks—an East Siberian Sea anticyclonic break and Labrador cyclonic break. also European Center for Medium-Range Weat...

introduction climate is a system consisting of atmosphere, lithosphere, cryosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere. this system is involved in the exchange of energy and moisture among these five components. the exchanges link the atmosphere as the central component of the climate to other spheres. changes do not occur separately in this system; rather change in one component contributes to reactio...

Cold air challenge (CACh) can be applied by either a single step (SSCACh) or a multiple step (MSCACh) protocol. The interrelationship of the responses of the different protocols has not yet been studied. Furthermore, there is contradictory information on the correlation of cold air challenge responses to the outcome of pharmacological provocations. A single and a multiple step cold air challeng...

An unprecedented cold wave swept through most parts of East Asia in January 2016, leading to record-breaking low temperatures and widespread snowstorms several regions. Our analysis indicated that this Asian was triggered by a series consecutive extreme events the Northern Hemisphere from late 2015 early 2016. (1) On 28 December 2015, severe cyclonic storm emerged North Atlantic, downstream blo...

one of the most important atmospheric systems in the eurasian continent during the northern hemisphere winter season is the siberian high pressure. in this study, using the ncep/ncar reanalysis data for winters of 1948-2008, trend of changes in the intensity of the high system center and its effects on some meteorological fields are investigated. the results show that the 2m height mean tempera...

The aim of this study was to determine whether the addition of cold, dry, inspired air to maximum heart rate (MHR) exercise increased the number of subjects demonstrating abnormal airway narrowing, when applied to symptom-free army recruits with a history of asthma in childhood. One hundred recruits with a history of asthma in childhood underwent two exercise challenges to maximum heart rate, b...