The purpose of the present survey was to review the important Non-pharmacologic treatments for fear of flying up to the present. This study is in the same way as some studies. Accordingly, some Non-pharmacologic treatments for fear of flying were assessed through this systematic review article. The general conclusion from the information provided by the  former studies, shows that a growing num...

Personality is a cognitive-affective processing system, which, according to the socio-cognitive theory, creates four dimensions. They are reflected in skills, beliefs, standards and goals of individual, which consistent patterns behaviour.
 Self-efficacy judgments self-patterns determine choice persistence achieving them. On other hand, emotions preceding accompanying achievement affect co...

Macaques (Macaca spp.) are useful models to evaluate effects of ovarian sex steroids and selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) on mood and cognitive function due to similarities to women in their reproductive and central nervous systems. The results of nonhuman primate studies support the hypothesis that estrogen mediates specific aspects of attention and memory, yet much work is neede...

BACKGROUND Interpersonal psychotherapy and cognitive-behavioural therapy are widely accepted as effective treatments for major depression. There is little evidence on how personality disorder or personality traits affect treatment response. AIMS To determine whether personality disorder or traits have an adverse impact on treatment response to interpersonal psychotherapy or cognitive-behaviou...

OBJECTIVE This study aims to revise empirical studies that were used to evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral group treatment programs in the treatment for schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. METHOD Articles in English that were published between the years of 1980 and 2011 (july) have been searched in the: PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES and MEDLINE databases by using "(1) psycho...

Cognitive therapy seeks to help a client overcome difficulties by identifying and changing dysfunctional thought patterns. 1. fig. 1 shows a group cognitive therapy session Clinicians use therapy sessions to help clients address and change their negative cognitive biases.  Cognitive therapy (CT) is one of the therapeutic approaches within the larger group of cognitive behavioral therapies (CBT...