During the modern gerontology the cognitive decline were generally considered as an inevitable and natural accompaniment of aging. Over the past decade, the distinction between normative from non-normative changes remains difficult. The purpose of this review is to present a synthesis and integration of the current knowledge of cognitive decline by interdisciplinary perspectives. The theories o...

The aim of this article is to review the association between diabetes mellitus, cognitive decline and dementia, including the effects of cognitive decline and dementia on self management of diabetes. This is a literature review of primary research articles. A number of contemporary research articles that met the inclusion criteria were selected for this review paper. These articles were selecte...

Cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease (PD) will become more important since the number of elderly patients with PD is increasing. We prospectively studied non-demented patients with PD over the course of 3 years to identify factors associated with PD that contribute to a decline in cognitive function. From among 100 consecutive patients, we registered 79 patients with PD. A total of 55 pa...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Cerebral autosomal-dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) causes repeated ischemic attacks leading to subcortical vascular dementia. The aim of this study was to characterize cognitive function in subjects with a C475T (R133C) mutation in the Notch3 gene, leading to CADASIL. METHODS Prestroke (n=13) and poststroke (n=13) mutati...

An 85-year-old lady with decreased mood and low energy was found to have an elevated serum corrected calcium concentration of 2.8mmol/L (reference range: 2.1–2.6mmol/L). Plasma parathyroid hormone concentration was elevated at 390 pg/mL (reference range: 10–85 pg/mL). She had a past history of renal calculi. Renal function, full blood picture, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, 24-h urinary calciu...

Loss of cognitive function is one the most devastating manifestations of ageing and vascular disease. Cognitive decline is rapidly becoming an important cause of disability worldwide and contributes significantly to increased mortality. There is growing evidence that hypertension is the most important modifiable vascular risk factor for development and progression of both cognitive decline and ...

OBJECTIVE "Mild cognitive impairment" refers to cognitive deficits in older age that exceed age-related cognitive decline but do not fulfill criteria for dementia. Affected subjects are assumed to be at higher risk for the development of dementia, such as Alzheimer's disease. However, little is known about the group of young-old subjects with respect to the prevalence and natural course of cogn...

BACKGROUND cognitive decline and muscle weakness are prevalent health conditions in elderly people. We hypothesised that cognitive decline precedes muscle weakness. OBJECTIVE to analyse the temporal relationship between cognitive performance and handgrip strength in oldest old people. DESIGN prospective population-based 4-year follow-up study. SUBJECTS a total of 555 subjects, all aged 85...