The nature realizes stable biodiversity, even though it escapes naive theoretical predictions. Coexistence of competing species is known to be facilitated by, for example, structured populations, heterogeneous individuals, and heterogeneous environments, which in one way or another allow different species to survive in a segregated manner. In reality, individuals disperse and interact with each...

The coexistence among different systems is a fundamental issue in communications. Both coexistence analysis, i.e. measuring the mutual interference, as well as coexistence techniques, i.e. all the actions that guarantee the simultaneous use of the spectrum by different systems, have an impact on the performance of the system. This paper is focused on both these two aspects. In particular, we an...

The coexistence problem occurs when a single wireless body area network (WBAN) is located within a multiple-WBAN environment. This causes WBANs to suffer from severe channel interference that degrades the communication performance of each WBAN. Since a WBAN handles vital signs that affect human life, the detection or prediction of coexistence condition is needed to guarantee reliable communicat...

Ferromagnetism and superconductivity are antagonistic phenomena. Their coexistence implies either a modulated ferromagnetic order parameter on a lengthscale shorter than the superconducting coherence length or a weak exchange coupling between the itinerant superconducting electrons and the localized ordered spins. In some iron based pnictide superconductors the coexistence of ferromagnetism and...

Many species of phytoplankton typically co-occur within a single lake, as do many zooplankton species (the "paradox of the plankton"). Long-term co-occurrence suggests stable coexistence. Coexistence requires that species be equally "fit" on average. Coexistence mechanisms can equalize species' long-term average fitnesses by reducing fitness differences to low levels at all times, and by causin...