The Precision Freehand Sculptor (PFS) is a compact, handheld, intelligent tool to assist the surgeon in accurately cutting bone. A retractable rotary blade on the PFS allows a computer to control what bone is removed. Accuracy is ensured even though the surgeon uses the tool freehand. The computer extends or retracts the blade based on data from an optical tracking camera. Three users used each...

BACKGROUND Urethral duplication and megalourethra are rare urethral anomalies. However, the concomitance of urethral duplication and double megalourethra has not been reported previously. CASE REPORT A newborn was presented with penile swelling during voiding. Physical examination revealed a retractable foreskin and two external meatus of a double urethra. Retrograde urethrography demonstrate...

SUMMARY The Italian Treasury's puttable bonds (Certificati del Tesoro con opzione di rimborso anticipato-CTOs) are the first example in Italy of retractable/extendible bonds, which have been used on the Canadian market for some time and recently been adopted on the Euromarket. In this paper the single factor version of the Cox, Ingersoll and Ross model is used to determine the equilibrium value...

The design, fabrication and measurement of a reconfigurable fishnet metamaterial based on a new method of tuning by changing unit cell geometry is reported. Retractable elements are added to the unit cell utilizing pneumatically actuated switching. It is shown that the pneumatic actuation approach can unite a number of metallic elements into a complex conducting structure. Experimental demonstr...

Three different computing algorithms for performing positron emission image reconstruction have been compared using Monte Carlo phantom simulations. The work was motivated by the recent announcement of the commercial availability of a positron volume imaging camera, the Siemens-CTI 953 B/31[1] which has improved axial (slice) resolution and retractable interslice septa. The simulations demonstr...

Building on Hrushovski’s work in [5], we study definable groupoids in stable theories and their relationship with 3-uniqueness and finite internal covers. We introduce the notion of retractability of a definable groupoid (which is slightly stronger than Hrushovski’s notion of eliminability), give some criteria for when groupoids are retractable, and show how retractability relates to both 3-uni...

An autoshaping procedure, in which presentation of a retractable lever signalled food delivery, was used to assess the effects of ventral tegmental area lesions on appetitive classically conditioned responses in 28 rats. Rats with ventral tegmental area lesions did not differ from sham-lesioned rats in acquiring classically conditioned lever press responses, or in learning to withold these resp...

Current United States military chemical protective ensembles do not provide for feeding, removing body wastes, or ensuring the hygiene of troops operating in a contaminated environment. As part of a nuclear-biological-chemical life support demonstration program, systems were developed to provide these capabilities. The nutrient system consisted of foods packaged in tube dispensers and a deliver...