Assortativity index (A. Index) of real-world network graphs has been traditionally computed based on the degree centrality metric and the networks were classified as assortative, dissortative or neutral if the A. Index values are respectively greater than 0, less than 0 or closer to 0. In this paper, we evaluate the A. Index of real-world network graphs based on some of the commonly used centra...

Closeness centrality is an important concept in social network analysis. In a graph representing a social network, closeness centrality measures how close a vertex is to all other vertices in the graph. In this paper, we combine existing methods on calculating exact values and approximate values of closeness centrality and present new algorithms to rank the top-k vertices with the highest close...

The availability of advanced social interaction sensing technologies provides fine grained data for social network analysis. Although traditional methods of gathering social network data may be subject to human ability to recall social details, people’s rating of their closeness to persons in their network is important. This study assesses the relationship amidst closeness ratings, sensed inter...

We test whether two sequences are generated by the same distribution or by two different ones. Unlike previous work, we make no assumptions on the distributions’ support size. Additionally, we compare our performance to that of the best possible test. We describe an efficiently-computable algorithm based on pattern maximum likelihood that is near optimal whenever the best possible error probabi...

The theory of inclusive fitness has transformed our understanding of cooperation and altruism. However, the proximate psychological underpinnings of altruism are less well understood, and it has been argued that emotional closeness mediates the relationship between genetic relatedness and altruism. In this study, we use a real-life costly behaviour (travel time) to dissociate the effects of gen...

BACKGROUND When a newborn requires neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) hospitalization, parent and infant experience an unusual often prolonged separation. This critical care environment poses challenges to parent-infant closeness. Parents desire physical contact and holding and touching are particularly important. Evidence shows that visitation, holding, talking, and skin to skin contact are a...

conclusions the findings suggest that the development of preventive programs will contribute to increases in the child-mother closeness relationship and will help to prevent the onset of substance use in children. background considering the fundamental role that parents play in a family dynamic, it is important to explore the parent-child relationship and examine what protective behaviors or ri...

Immediately after the independence of South Sudan in 2011, a nationality law was passed that defined citizenship by membership to clearly and bounded ethnic groups. To acquire citizenship, testimony ‘next kin’, taken be an ‘older blood relative from father’s line’, supposed verify ethnicity and, thus, belonging new nation. Citizenship offices were tasked with checking names assessing life histo...