describing drug disposition in eye compartments to simulate disposition of clonidine after topical (eye drop) administration [1]. This example extends the methodology to describe the disposition of timolol in different eye tissues and plasma after topical administration. Timolol is a nonselective beta-adrenoceptor antagonist used to lower intraocular pressure (IOP) [2]. A serious disadvantage o...

Clonidine, an alpha agonist, formally prescribed in clinical medicine as antihypertensive medication, is currently being used more frequently to address a multitude of psychiatric entities. The long-acting formulation is approved by the Food and Drug Administration for use in treating the attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. In addition to this only legitimate indication, it has long been ...

OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the relative efficacy of prophylactic intravenous (IV) clonidine and tramadol for control of intraoperative shivering following spinal anesthesia. MATERIALS AND METHODS After institutional ethical clearance, 142 patients were chosen from either gender, aged 20-60 years, physical status American Society of Anesthesiology Class I and II scheduled for elec...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of clonidine on heart rate (HR), and blood pressure (BP) as well as its sedative effect on patients submitted to a cineangiocardiography. METHODS A randomized, controlled, double blind, prospective clinical trial was conducted on 62 patients submitted to an elective cineangiocardiography. The patients were divided in two groups: the clonidine group, that were...

Clonidine hydrochloride is a sympathetic inhibitor with central site of action. The antihypertensive effect in man in the supine position is -associated with a decrease in cardiac output and no consistent changes in total peripheral resistance. In the standing position, however, in addition to the decrease in cardiac output, a fall in total peripheral resistance becomes evident. The fall in blo...

Two studies of the responses to clonidine as the sole antihypertensive drug in the treatment of mild-to-moderate hypertension are reported. In the first, 11 patients with mild hypertension were treated with 0.1 mg clonidine twice daily for eight weeks. Those patients with "low renin" hypertension (n = 7) were noted to show an increase in plasma renin activity; the patients with "normal renin" h...

Use of vasoconstrictors in local anaesthesia is well known. The study was done on 30 patients who underwent removal of bilateral impacted third molars. The aim of the study was to compare the efficacy of lignocaine with clonidine and lignocaine with adrenaline in respect to onset, duration of anaesthesia, and postoperative analgesia along with hemodynamic stability (systolic blood pressure, dia...

The role of sedation in patients with acute respiratory failure the intensive care unit is crucial for improving adaptation to mechanical ventilation, avoiding lung injury, and reducing stress related over-stimulated sympathetic tone. drug class alpha 2 agonists, alone or synergic association, can help clinician achieve these goals. Understanding principles pharmacology applying them clonidine ...

Clonidine has two aromatic rings in which halogens are attached to one ring in this study, both in drug state and in fullerene nanostructure, and by changing the type of halogen at the * HF / 6-31G level and in The gas phase was first optimized and then the NBO calculations were performed. The results obtained in N61, N63 and N5, N3 indicate the highest rhizanese energy and load transfer that, ...

The abstinence syndrome which follows withdrawal of opiates is the prototype of drug withdrawal reaction and is one of the several factors promoting addiction. Although management of this syndrome is but a small part of treatment of an addict, it is nonetheless an important one. Recent studies have shown that a single dose of Clonidine hydrochloi ide (ARKAMIN) relieves signs and symptoms of opi...