Topsoil mining associated with informal mud brick making is common in rural villages of South Africa. The impact topsoil on soil quality, however has not been investigated. This study therefore assessed the unfired bricks selected quality indicators two KwaZulu-Natal, Firstly, local miners were interviewed to ascertain information related mining, brickfield site identification and suitability f...

Research on the variations in soil aggregate stability and ecological stoichiometry at scales by stand type is of great significance investigating distribution, limitation, balance, cycling organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus (C-N-P). However, effect pure mixed Chinese fir plantations stability, carbon (OC), total nitrogen (TN), (TP) characteristics still unclear. In this research, we explored...

Abstract Background During the mushroom production process, about one-fifth of gets lost. The residues (MR) are rich in nutrients and can be utilized diverse applications. Therefore, goal this research was to modify a local hammermill improve performance chopping efficient used as by-product. Results experiments were conducted on without with six screen diameters, three drum rotational speeds, ...

Abstract Background Revealing the variations in soil aggregate-related organic carbon (OC) and labile (LOC) fractions a chronosequence of Chinese fir plantations plays an important role better understanding impact sink or source on plantation ecosystem. In this study, samples depth 0–20 cm were collected from at different stand ages (0, 9, 17, 26 years old) Guangxi, China. With optimal moisture...

Histosols (also known as organic soils, mucks, or peats) are soils that are dominated by organic matter (OM > 20%) in half or more of the upper 80 cm. Forty two states have a total of 21 million ha of Histosols in the United States. These soils, when intensively cropped, are subject to wind erosion resulting in loss of crop productivity and degradation of soil, air, and water quality. Estimatin...

Biochar (or pyrogenic organic matter) is increasingly proposed as a soil amendment for improving fertility, carbon sequestration and reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. However, little is known about its effects on aggregation, an important indicator of soil quality and functioning. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of Eucalyptus wood biochar (B, pyrolyzed at 550 °C, at 0 or 2.5...

Grazing exclusion (GE) has been deemed as an important approach to enhance the soil carbon storage of semiarid grasslands in China; however, it remains unclear how different organic carbon (OC) components in soils vary with the duration of GE. Here, we observed the changing trends of different OC components in soils with increased GE duration in five grassland succession series plots, ranging f...

Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is an autoimmune disease related to the presence of elevated levels of platelet-associated immunoglobulin, or autoantibodies. In recent years the importance of macrophage Fc gamma receptors in the uptake of platelets in ITP has been confirmed. Although in patients with ITP the platelet destruction occurs in liver and spleen, in this present experimental mou...

This paper presents reconfigurable hardware architecture for MWD (Minimum Weight Decoding) algorithm for network error correction, with high throughput on Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). Network Error Correction (NEC) is used for detecting and correcting the errors in noisy communication channels when multicasting a source message to a set of nodes. Minimum Weight Decoding (MWD) algorithm...