A denosine is an endogenous nucleoside that has potent electrophysiologic effects.1-4 As an antiarrhythmic agent, adenosine has several unique properties: 1) it is an intermediate metabolite (Figure 1), 2) it has a very short half-life (less than 1.5 seconds), 3) its effects are mediated by specific membrane receptors coupled to guanine nucleotide binding proteins (G proteins), and 4) it has si...

THE past few years have witnessed a number of important advances in clinical electromyography. Previous reviews have been made by Marinacci (1955), Lambert (1956), Buchthal (1957a) and Gilliatt (I957). Rather than attempting a general survey of the subject, it seemed more profitable in a short article to select for consideration four topics in which significant advances had been made since thes...

Personalisation of a cardiac electrophysiology model is crucial not only to understand and simulate the actual dynamics of pathologies such as arrhythmia, but also to predict the behaviour of the heart in a therapeutic environment. In this paper, we present personalisation of a simplified ionic 3D cardiac electrophysiology model, the MitchellSchaeffer model (2003), for single and multiple heart...

Sustained, monomorphic ventricular tachycardia (VT) in patients with prior myocardial infarction is usually caused by reentry (Wellens, et al., 1976; Josephson, et al., 1985; de Bakker, et al., 1988; Downar, et al., 1988), and several different lines of evidence from experimental and clinical studies have implicated a zone of slow conduction as being a critical component of the reentrant circui...

This paper describes a virtual reality system for catheter manipulation. This is a part of a novel education system for medical personal and students who aspire to become catheter specialists. It teaches not only catheter procedures but also clinical procedures of Electrophysiology Study (EPS) and catheter ablation with domain knowledge of electrophysiology. A input device is connected to the s...

Approximately 180 leading global hospitals have adopted the Niobe Magnetic Navigation System (MNS) for EP ablation. The current Niobe MNS is a 4 Generation system, an evolution from earlier Stereotaxis clinical systems. To date, over 80,000 EP procedures have been performed with magnetic navigation. Of the estimated 280 total peer-reviewed scientific publications highlighting remote magnetic na...

In a subset of patients, atrial fibrillation is caused by rapidly firing foci that are often located in the pulmonary veins especially when fibrillation is paroxysmal. Histologic data show that myocardial tissue of the left atrial wall extends into the pulmonary venous walls. Both in dog and human pulmonary veins, arrangement of the myofibers is complex. Clinical and animal studies reveal both ...

Here we present the case of a 32-year-old female patient with myotonia congenita. She carried two mutations in the CLCN1 gene that encodes the chloride channel ClC-1: p.Phe167Leu, which was previously identified in several families, and p.Val536Leu, which has been previously reported but not yet characterized by electrophysiological investigations. The patient's symptoms included generalized st...

In 2007, we marked the 40th anniversary of the birth of invasive clinical electrophysiology. Of course, before 1967, cardiac arrhythmias were documented electrocardiographically, and their possible mechanisms were analyzed ingeniously and explained beautifully by giants such as Katz and Pick,1 Scherf and Schott,2 and Bellet.3 In the 1940s and 1950s, Hecht,4 Latour and Puech,5 and Giraud et al6 ...