The rate of climatic-niche evolution is important to many research areas in ecology, evolution, and conservation biology, including responses of species to global climate change, spread of invasive species, speciation, biogeography, and patterns of species richness. Previous studies have implied that clades with higher rates of climatic-niche evolution among species should have species with nar...

Changes in climate, waterlogging hazards and regional floods are more prominent present context. The paper reviews potential of flood hazard dense urban areas, using GIS-based 1-D hydrodynamic model (MIKE URBAN). major factor contributing to the recent decades is climatic variability thus long-term variations precipitation drainage system an area were evaluated. MIKE URBAN (1-D) can be used com...

In integrated assessments of climate change, greenhouse-gas emissions and climate change impacts provide the linkages between the world economy and the climate system. Key climatic processes operate at the scales of centuries. This requires highly aggregated models for portraying the dynamics of the economic system. An extended Ramsey-type optimal growth model is presented as the appropriate to...

gastric cancer is the most prevalent cancer among men and the third most prevalent cancer among women in iran. its most important reason for death is its belated diagnosis at the advanced stages of the disease. various factors can be effective on the survival of these patients after surgery, which are the major concern in this study.data from 330 patients with gastric cancer who had undergone s...

Global warming and rapid urbanization are changing the livability of cities. The eco-livability (EL) in Jiading, a newly emerging urban sub-center northwestern part Shanghai megacity, is assessed from climatic perspective, by composing an EL index consisting meteorological hazards, human comfort, vegetation ecology, air quality, based on multi-source observations. results show that Jiading has ...

with increasing frequency, the developing countries and the people living there are being affected by disasters. more and more often, development efforts are being destroyed. the reason for this trend is their growing vulnerability, which in turn is the result of economic and social development processes, such as the expansion of settlements and agricultural land in risk areas. the economic and...

Obstetric problems This is the most widely recognised environmental hazard of anaesthesia but individual opinions, as well as governmental and professional reactions, differ widely. Some feel that not enough is being done about the problem while others maintain either that there is no problem and that much research and finance has been misdirected, or that scavenging devices introduce an unacce...

Aim Climatic niche breadth (the range of climatic conditions that a species experiences over space and time) is a fundamental topic in ecology, biogeography and evolution. But what determines the climatic niche width of species? In 1967, Janzen suggested that climatic niche widths for temperature were determined by levels of seasonal fluctuation in temperature at each locality, such that niche ...