Wood is of crucial importance for man and biosphere. In this mini review, we present the fundamental processes involved in tree-ring formation and intra-annual dynamics of cambial activity, along with the influences of the environmental factors. During wood formation, new xylem cells produced by the cambium are undergoing profound transformations, passing through successive differentiation stag...

A series of measurements showed that community greening and trees shading had different degree of cooling effect. The cooling effect of wall greening was related to factors such as heat storage capacity and the orientation of the wall, climatic conditions. As compared to the heat reduced by sheltering the solar radiation, the heat absorbed by plant transpiration had greater cooling contribution...

In this paper, to achieve the fast and detailed evaluation of seismic damage, novel diagnostic imaging applied multiple image recognition techniques (Classification, Detection, Segmentation) in deep learning is proposed. Dataset from images generated by Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) brings high-accurate real damaged images. It revealed that can extract precisely area with minimum noise. ...

小規模な建物の外壁を解体する際，現場では転倒工法と呼ばれる工法が用いられている．この工法では，作業の最初に，外壁の建物外側への転倒防止のためにワイヤロープ等の引張材を外壁に設置する．次に外壁を引き倒せる程度に切り出して，外壁下部を切削し，その後，引張材を用いて外壁を引き倒している．この外壁下部の切削作業中に外壁の転倒災害が発生しており，その原因の一つに，引張材の過度な張力が考えられる．そこで，引張材の張力に関する実験を行い，転倒工法における，引張材の適切な張り方について検討した．引張材の張力とたるみの関係を調べた結果，引張材は，ややたるんだ状態に設置すれば良いことが分かった．一方で，引張材を用いて外壁を引き倒すとき，外壁下部を切削しているため，外壁下部の鉄筋が座屈する等の損傷をして，外壁が転倒する．そこで，引張材の張力と外壁下部に作用する力の関係について確認した．その結果，弾性範囲に...

Abstract In this paper, we re-examine charged Q -clouds around spherically symmetric, static black holes. particular, demonstrate that for fixed coupling constants two different branches of scalar clouds exist Schwarzschild This had not been noticed previously. We find the new solutions possess a ‛hard wall’ at maximal possible gauge coupling. wall separates interior (containing hole horizon), ...

Buildings account for nearly one-third of overall energy consumption in today’s world status, which a considerable part is used indoor conditioning. Energy efficiency enhancement buildings components and technologies key priority, given the essential need carbon neutrality climate change mitigation around world. Exterior wall insulation considered as most effective technology protecting against...

Living with fire is a challenge for human communities because they are influenced by socio-economic, political, ecological and climatic processes at various spatial and temporal scales. Over the course of 2 days, the authors discussed how communities could live with fire challenges at local, national and transnational scales. Exploiting our diverse, international and interdisciplinary expertise...

INTRODUCTION Cholera, an infectious diarrheal disease, has been shown to be associated with large scale hydroclimatic processes. The sudden and sporadic occurrence of epidemic cholera is linked with high mortality rates, in part, due to uncertainty in timing and location of outbreaks. Improved understanding of the relationship between pathogenic abundance and climatic processes allows predictio...