Transgenic mice over-expressing mutant human amyloid precursor protein (PDAPP mouse) develop several Alzheimer’s disease (AD)-like lesions including an age-related accumulation of amyloid-?-containing neuritic plaques. Although aged, heterozygous PDAPP mice also exhibit synaptic and glial cell changes, that is characteristic of AD pathology, no evidence of neurodegeneration has been observed. T...

Abstract The human Alzheimer’s disease (AD) brain accumulates angiogenic markers but paradoxically, the cerebral microvasculature is reduced around Aß plaques. Here we demonstrate that angiogenesis started near plaques in both AD mouse models and samples. However, endothelial cells express molecular signature of non-productive (NPA) accumulate, plaques, a tip cell marker IB4 reactive vascular a...

Senile plaques and cerebrovascular amyloidosis are major histopathological lesions in the brains of aged dogs. Different types of amyloid beta protein (A beta) positive plaques are known: diffuse ones and neuritic plaques. Diffuse plaques may contain membrane-bound A beta and/or small amounts of amyloid fibrils. Neuritic plaques are cored plaques with clusters of amyloid fibrils and degeneratin...

OBJECTIVES Mechanical and structural characteristics of vulnerable plaques were evaluated using coronary angioscopy and intravascular ultrasound. BACKGROUND Mechanical stress and composition of plaques play an important role in plaque disruption. METHODS Thirty-eight lesions in 38 patients were examined pre-interventionally. The plaques were classified as either yellow or white using corona...

Objective Prospective memory (PM) is an important social cognitive function in everyday life. PM one of the most affected domains multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Gray matter (GM) atrophy and plaques have been attracting attention for various impairments MS This study aimed to clarify atrophic GM regions associated with deficits investigate relationship between plaques.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE A novel association between a single nucleotide polymorphism on chromosome 7p21.1 and large-vessel ischemic stroke was recently identified. The most likely underlying gene is histone deacetylase 9 (HDAC9). The mechanism by which HDAC9 increases stroke risk is not clear; both vascular and neuronal mechanisms have been proposed. METHODS We determined whether the lead sing...

BACKGROUND It is not clear whether microangiopathies are associated with subclinical atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We investigated the relation of cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) and other microangiopathies with carotid atherosclerosis in T2DM. METHODS A total of 131 patients with T2DM were stratified by mean carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) ≥ or <1.0 mm and the ...