Aim This study will explore the genetic and epigenetic alterations in astrocytomas, and identify the critical molecular signatures and signaling pathways for prognosis assessment by multiplatform comprehensive analysis. Method We performed integration analyses of incorporating DNA methylation, mRNA expression, microRNA expression, and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) expression in 33 astrocytic t...

BACKGROUND: Tumors arising from the renal tubular epithelium have variable characteristics and have been subject to a variety of histologic classifications. METHODS: The authors describe the distinct clinical, pathologic, phenotypic, and genotypic features of different types of renal tumors. RESULTS: The Mainz classification is now widely accepted because characteristic genetic alterations have...

Primary bone tumors are uncommon and this has certainly contributed to the scarcity of data about their relative frequency, and to the limited understanding of the risk factors. Overall, bone sarcomas account for 0.2% of all malignancies, and the adjusted incidence rate for all bone and joint malignancies is 0.9 per 100,000 persons per year, while the 5-year overall survival rate is 67.9%. The ...

In this work, we developed classifiers to distinguish between four ovarian tumor types using Bayesian least squares support vector machines (LS-SVMs) and kernel logistic regression. Input selection using rank-one updates for LS-SVMs performed better than automatic relevance determination. Evaluation on an independent test set showed good performance of the classifiers to distinguish between all...

An outline of human upper respiratory tumors is presented, based on the World Health Organization's classification of such tumors. The discussion and illustrations are devoted mainly to the nasal passages, and emphasis is placed on lesions that are potentially confusing because of problems of terminology or unusual histologic features.

Vascular tumors of bone are a heterogeneous group. Numerous terms have been introduced as well as different classification systems. None of the classification schemes have been accepted due to lack of consistent terminology, accepted histologic criteria, and limited correlation with clinical outcome. It is acknowledged that vascular tumors of bone originate from endothelial cells, resulting in ...

context triple negative breast cancer (tnbc) is a heterogeneous group of diseases that is negative for esterogen receptor (er) progesteron receptor (pr) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (her2). this type of breast cancer is typically high-grade carcinomas, although low-grade tumors occur. the aim of this review is to focus on molecular classification and features, prognostic markers...

with 0.2-Hz stimulation before the LTP episode. There was a 10-minute period between the end of the second LTP episode and the conditioning train for the third (wash) episode. During this time, input-output and baseline responses were again obtained. A final series of input-output responses was taken at the end of the experiment. 15. J. V. Levy, Eur. J. Pharmacol. 2, 250 (1968); K. R. Courtney,...

Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer in women. Most studies attempt to perform segmentation of tumors highlighted in mammogaphic images, or analysis of the contours of tumors for classification purposes. Successful segmentation and classification of tumors can assist physicians in revealing suspicious regions or masses, or differentiating malignant from benign tumors in the mamm...

The guiding principle of this chapter is the importance of combining traditional morphological data with the recently acquired knowledge on the genetic and epigenetic signalling pathways which drive the evolution of CNS tumors. The official World Health Organization terminology (WHO, 2007) will be used since it is the source of information for neurooncology, neuroradiology, neurosurgery, etc. I...