applications of hypergroups have mainly appeared in special subclasses. one of the important subclasses is the class of polygroups. in this paper, we study the notions of nilpotent and solvable polygroups by using the notion of heart of polygroups. in particular, we give a necessary and sufficient condition between nilpotent (solvable) polygroups and fundamental groups.

this paper presents a class of theoretical and iterative method for linear partial differential equations. an algorithm and analytical solution with a initial condition is obtained using the reduced differential transform method. in this technique, the solution is calculated in the form of a series with easily computable components. there test modeling problems from mathematical mechanic, physi...

The purpose of this paper is to study the higher order asymptotic distributions of the eigenvalues associated with a class of Sturm-Liouville problem with equation of the form w??=(?2f(x)?R(x)) (1), on [a,b, where ? is a real parameter and f(x) is a real valued function in C2(a,b which has a single zero (so called turning point) at point 0x=x and R(x) is a continuously differentiable function. ...

this study sought to develop a decision support system (dss) for assisting range managers to detect range condition and make informed decisions about feridan county rangelands. all plant species frequencies were measured in 31 range sites with various grazing histories using step point method. four hundred points along four perpendiculars 30 meters transects were measured in each site and grazi...

We give a sufficient condition for a class of representable cylindric algebras to have the super amalgamation property. We show that the class of representable algebras (RCAα) does not satisfy this condition when α > 1, but if we restrict ourselves to the class of dimension complemented algebras (Dcα) then this condition is satisfied when α ≥ ω. Hence Dcα’s super amalgamate with respect to RCAα...

The modern theory of class field towers has its origins in the study of the p-class field tower over a quadratic imaginary number field, so it is fitting that this problem be the first in the discipline to be nearing a solution. We survey the state of the subject and present a new cohomological condition for a quadratic imaginary number field to have an infinite p-class field tower (for p odd)....

This paper provides a proof of a condition for uniqueness of Cournot equilibrium. Existing proofs of the same condition have shown it to imply a unique element within a limited class of Cournot equilibria, but leave open the possibility of other purestrategy equilibria outside this class. A simpler approach permits us to derive the condition and to rule out the possibility of these other equili...

We propose a general geometry representation of d-level quantum system (or qudit for short). Then we define a general class of operations for qudits. A sufficient and necessary condition of when an operation in the class would be a legal quantum operation is found. This condition is expressed in terms of the quantum Fourier transform. As an application of this condition, we recover the optimal ...

We analyze a class of quantum operations based on a geometrical representation of d−level quantum system (or qudit for short). A sufficient and necessary condition of complete positivity, expressed in terms of the quantum Fourier transform, is found for this class of operations. A more general class of operations on qudits is also considered and its completely positive condition is reduced to t...