Stability has been the main concern in the development stage of BWRs in history. Although stability studies of BWRs have a long history and there is extensive literature available, the literature on fuel performance under unstable power oscillations is very limited. It is very desirable to investigate the fuel integrity in BWR power oscillation conditions. This goal of this work is to examine t...

The importance of the electron loss from the separate confinement layer (SCL) to the p-cladding in 1.5 μm lasers is analysed comparing two structures. One is a regular structure with strained InGaAsP quantum wells and a 1.15 μm emitting InGaAsP SCL and the second one incorporates an additional In0.81Ga0.19P electron stopper layer (about 50 meV high) at the interface between the p-cladding and t...

In this paper, we propose a novel mechanism for suppression of higher-order modes (HOMs), namely multiple resonant coupling, in all-solid photonic bandgap fibers (PBGFs) with effectively large core diameters. In an analogy to the well-known tight-binding theory in solid-state physics, multiple anti-resonant reflecting optical waveguide (ARROW) modes bound in designedly arranged defects in the c...

A compact polarization splitter-rotator based on a silicon-on-insulator rib asymmetrical directional coupler with SiO2 top-cladding is proposed. Unlike previously reported PSRs which specifically required the top-cladding material to be different from the bottom cladding in order to break the symmetry of the waveguide cross-section, our proposed PSR has no such limitation on the top-cladding du...

We propose a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) polarization diversity scheme in the mid-infrared wavelength range. In consideration of absorption loss in silicon dioxide (SiO2), the polarization splitter-rotator (PSR) is designed and optimized with silicon nitride (SiN) upper-cladding and SiO2 lower-cladding. This asymmetry allows the PSR, which consists of mode-conversion tapers...

2. Materials, fabrication, and characterization To overcome the insolubility problem of the inorganic precursor salts of rare-earth dopant ions in the polymer host, the Nd 3+ ions were encapsulated in a stable organic complex, Nd(TTA)3phen (TTA = thenoyltrifluoroacetone, phen = 1,10-phenanthroline) (Fig. 1a). The Nd-complex was dissolved into the polymer waveguide material, a solution of 6-FDA/...

We analyze metal-clad disk cavities designed for nanolasers in the visible red spectrum with subwavelength device size and mode volume. Metal cladding suppresses radiation loss and supports low order modes with room temperature Q of 200 to 300. Non-degenerate single-mode operation with enhanced spontaneous emission coupling factor β is expected with the TE(011) mode that has a 0.46(λ(0)/n)(3) m...

At first step polymer optical fibers (POFs) are used in short distance for optical data transmissions. At second step SiO2 nanoparticles were prepared by sonochemical-assisted method. Silica nanoparticles were added to polymer matrix to prepare polymer based nanocomposites. Most of the POF applications are in the medical and electrical devices. There are several methods for fabrication of POFs,...

A fibre optic long period grating (LPG) with a nano-assembled mesoporous coating of alternate layers of poly (allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) and SiO2 nanospheres was used for the development of a fibre-optic refractometer. PAH/SiO2 films of different thickness have been deposited onto LPG in order to study the effect of the film thickness on sensor performance. The device showed a sensitivity ...