Mammalian cells accumulate iron from ferric citrate or ferric nitrilotriacetate through the activity of a transferrin-independent iron transport system [Sturrock, Alexander, Lamb, Craven and Kaplan (1990) J. Biol. Chem. 265, 3139-3145]. The uptake system might recognize and transport ferric-anion complexes, or cells may reduce ferric iron at the surface and then transport ferrous iron. To disti...

Epidemiological Studies have reported that the formation of renal stones is often observed in workers exposed to cadmium (Cd). Citrate is known to be a protective factor against renal stone formation. We previously reported that direct exposure to high-level cadmium impaired the citrate uptake by the brush border membrane vesicles (BBMV), which may mean that the formation of renal stones from e...

The aim of the present study was to develop nanoparticles of tamoxifen citrate, a non-steroidal antiestrogenic drug used for the treatment of breast cancer. Biodegradable poly (D, L- lactide-co-glycolide)-85:15 (PLGA) was used to develop nanoparticles of tamoxifen citrate by multiple emulsification (w/o/w) and solvent evaporation technique. Drug-polymer ratio, polyvinyl alcohol concentrations, ...

The objective of this study was to test the effect of four different diluents on the motility of goat semen stored at room and refrigerator temperatures. To achieve this objective, four West African dwarf bucks aged 10-12 months were ejaculated weekly for five weeks using the electro-ejaculator method. The ejaculated semen were extended using four diluents namely sodium citrate (T1), sodium bic...

Background. The emergence of a commercially prepared citrate solution has revolutionized the use of RCA in the intensive care unit (ICU). The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety profile of a commercially prepared citrate solution. Method. Predilution continuous venovenous hemofiltration (CVVH) was performed using Prismocitrate 10/2 at 2500 mL/h and a blood flow rate of 150 mL/min. Calc...

for evaluation of citric acid and citrate effects on bovine epididymal protoplasmic droplets, fifty bovine testes were collected in the october 2007 till june 2008 from urmia slaughterhouse and transported to the laboratory in a cool container filled with 5 °c ice pack. caudal epididymis was incised and sperm cells were put into petri dishes containing hams f10 media with 10% fetal calf serum (...

plant biomass harvested after heavy-metal phytoremediation must be considered as a hazardous waste that should be contained or treated appropriately before disposal or reuse. this study provides an evaluation of extractants for the removal of lead from abutilon theophrastus biomass. the research was carried out a leaching study to determine the lead-extraction efficiency of the different leacha...

Since the postulation by Greenwald (1) of a citrate-like substance in blood, capable of holding calcium in a non-ionized form, the behavior of calcium in the presence of citrate has received considerable attention from investigators primarily interested in the state of calcium in the living organism. The subject has also assumed considerable importance in the field of the chemistry of milk. The...

Objective(s) Sildenafil citrate is a new drug and has special properties that bring about nitric oxide effects on vascular smooth muscle. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of ovarian stimulation and sildenafil citrate injection on pinopode expression in mice. Materials and Methods Thirty adult female mice were randomly divided into three groups: control, hyperstimulated and hyp...