نتایج جستجو برای: cigarettes
تعداد نتایج: 10156 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
The e-cigarette, which is increasingly used in the world and our country, frequently preferred by young adults with its different aroma, pleasant smell designs. Users generally think that e-cigarette not harmful to human health as a means of quitting smoking traditional cigarettes. Recently, it has been concluded very few researches have conducted on e-cigarettes threatening due both technical ...
Abstract Background: To protect against the adverse effects of heavy metals on human health, investigation of heavy metal contents in cigarettes and aromatic tobaccos is essential. The aim of this study was to assess heavy metals in some highly-used samples of cigarettes and aromatic tobaccos in the Iranian market. Methods: In this study, 9 cigarette and 3 aromatic tobacco samples found i...
SIGNIFICANCE Electronic cigarettes, also known as e-cigarettes, are devices designed to imitate regular cigarettes and deliver nicotine via inhalation without combusting tobacco. They are purported to deliver nicotine without other toxicants and to be a safer alternative to regular cigarettes. However, little toxicity testing has been performed to evaluate the chemical nature of vapour generate...
Objective: To assess the impact of excise tax increase on smoking behavior of daily smokers aged 15 years and over and to explore the association between smokers’ characteristics and smoking behavior prior and after excise tax increase Material and Method: This cross-sectional survey was performed in 504 daily smokers, who were selected from data records of Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) be...
E-Cigarettes: A Scientific Review Print ISSN: 0009-7322. Online ISSN: 1524-4539 Copyright © 2014 American Heart Association, Inc. All rights reserved. is published by the American Heart Association, 7272 Greenville Avenue, Dallas, TX 75231 Circulation doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.007667 2014;129:1972-1986 Circulation. http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/129/19/1972 World Wide Web at: The onl...
BACKGROUND Awareness and usage of electronic cigarettes has exponentially increased during the last few years, especially among young people and women in some countries. The rapid acceptance of electronic cigarettes may be attributed in part to the perception created by marketing and the popular press that they are safer than combustible cigarettes. GOALS To alert and advise policy makers abo...
BACKGROUND Designed to mimic the look and feel of tobacco cigarettes, electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) may facilitate smoking cessation. However, the efficacy and safety of e-cigarette use for this purpose remain poorly understood. Our objectives were to review the available data on the efficacy and safety of e-cigarettes for smoking cessation and to consider issues relevant to the context ...
E-cigarettes are controversial: advocates claim that using them (‘vaping’) is safer than traditional cigarettes, and they should be available for open sale. Opponents argue the long-term health consequences of vaping unknown even if it healthier smoking, encouraging people who would never have smoked to start exposes vapers risks. In a comprehensive study Australian market – characterised by hi...
This paper estimates effects of e-cigarette taxes enacted in eight states and two large counties on prices, sales, sales other tobacco products. We use NielsenIQ Retail Scanner data from 2011 to 2017, comprising approximately 35,000 retailers nationally, develop a method standardize since adopting localities have taxed these products heterogeneous ways. estimate tax-to-price pass-through rate 1...
OBJECTIVES The goal of this study was to examine the prevalence and perceptions of electronic cigarette use among Canadian youth and young adults. METHODS A sample of 1,188 youth and young adults age 16-30 years were recruited from an online panel of Canadians in 2012. After viewing an image of an e-cigarette, respondents answered questions regarding their use and perceptions of e-cigarettes....
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