Embryos of oviparous Reptilia (=turtles, lepidosaurs, crocodilians and birds) extract calcium for growth and development from reserves in the yolk and eggshell. Yolk provides most of the calcium to embryos of lizards and snakes. In contrast, the eggshell supplies most of the calcium for embryonic development of turtles, crocodilians and birds. The yolk sac and chorioallantoic membrane of birds ...

During avian development the mesodermal layers of the allantois and chorion fuse to form the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM). This structure rapidly expands generating a rich vascular network that provides an interface for gas and waste exchange. The CAM allows to study tissue grafts, tumor growth and metastasis, wound healing, drugs delivery and toxicologic analysis, and angiogenic and anti-ang...

BACKGROUND Angiogenesis is an important characteristic of cancer. Switching from the avascular phase to the vascular phase is a necessary process for tumor growth. Therefore, research in cancer treatment has focused on angiogenesis as a drug target. Despite the widespread use of opioids to treat pain in patients with cancer, little is known about the effect of these drugs on vascular endotheliu...

The effect of adenosine on the vascular density of the chick chorioallantoic membrane was studied. Elvax polymer pellets containing 0.2-3.0 mg of adenosine were placed on the chorioallantoic membrane of 10-day embryos. Control pellets containing mannitol were placed at least 1 cm away. After 4 days the membrane was formalin-fixed and removed. A thin plastic coverslip, inscribed with concentric ...

The increasingly large number of chemicals introduced onto the market and into the environment has necessitated the monitoring of environmental materials and specimen banking, as well as the development of rapid and reliable methods for the evaluation of toxicity. The Hen's Egg Test, or Hühner-Embryonen-Test (HET) is a rapid, sensitive and inexpensive toxicity test and can give information on e...

Brucella abortus is the etiological agent of bovine brucellosis, a zoonotic disease that causes significant economic losses worldwide. The differential proteomic profile of bovine chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) explants at early stages of infection with B. abortus (0.5, 2, 4, and 8 h) was determined. Analysis of CAM explants at 0.5 and 4 h showed the highest differences between uninfected and i...