Anaerobic digestion enables the water industry to treat wastewater as a resource for generating energy and recovering valuable by-products. The complexity of the anaerobic digestion process has motivated the development of complex models. However, this complexity makes it intractable to pin-point stability and emergent behaviour. Here, the widely used Anaerobic Digestion Model No. 1 (ADM1) has ...

Background: Chlorophenols are classified as priority toxic pollutants. These acidic organic compounds present a serious potential hazard for human health and aquatic life. Chlorophenols accumulate in water, soil and air due to high stability, and impart an unpleasant taste and odor to drinking water and can exert negative effects on different biological processes. Among the different methods of...

In epidemiologic studies, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) has been associated with exposure to chemicals such as phenoxyacetic acids; chlorophenols; dioxins; organic solvents including benzene, polychlorinated biphenyls, chlordanes; and immunosuppressive drugs. Experimental evidence and clinical observations indicate that these chemicals may impair the immune system. The risk is increased for NHL ...

Ab initio and density functional calculations are applied to study the influence of an increasing number of chlorine substituents on the properties of the intramolecular hydrogen bond in substituted Mannich bases. It is shown, that not only the acidity of the proton donor, which depends on the number of chlorine atoms at the aromatic ring, but also steric interactions modify the geometry of the...

A new ceramic carbon polyaniline electrode material, namely Sonogel-Carbon-polyaniline (SNG-C-PANI), was synthesized using high-power ultrasound. The synthesis conditions were optimized by means of a full factorial design. electroactivity polyaniline, previously characterized Raman spectroscopy, is retained into the sonogel matrix. After and subsequent characterization, material applied in elec...