Selenium as selenite was added to laboratory cultures of Chironomus riparius. In two sets of cultures, substrate-bound Se concentrations were typically 10(3) times dissolved Se concentrations, while in the other set dissolved Se concentrations were about 10 to 50 times substrate-bound Se concentrations. Body burdens of individual second-, third-, and fourth-instar larvae and eviscerated fourth-...

Biotech crops expressing Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) insecticidal crystalline (Cry) proteins became commercially available in the US in 1996. In 2006, 19 million ha of Bt corn were planted worldwide, which resulted in a significant reduction in the amount of chemical insecticides that are necessary to control agricultural pests. Despite the high adoption rates of this novel insecticide, little ...

Chironomid larvae were collected and abiotic variables measured at monthly intervals at 21 sampling stations in two lagoons (Guaraná and Patos) and two tributaries (Baía and Ivinheima) of the Upper Paraná River floodplain. The genera Procladius, Chironomus, Goeldichironomus, and Polypedilum were dominant in the lagoons and in the Baía River, while Cryptochironomus and Lopescladius were more dom...

Biochemical indices were investigated for their potential use as variables of sublethal toxicity in Daphnia (cholinesterase) and Chironomus (cholinesterase and biotransformation enzymes). Parathion, dichlorvos, and aldicarb caused dose-related inhibition of cholinesterase (ChE) in 24-h bioassays with both species. Ratios of Daphnia and Chironomus ChE IC50 values to corresponding immotility EC50...

A multigeneration toxicity test on Chironomus riparius was performed with the aim of investigating the evolutionary consequences of exposure to perfluoralkyl substances (perfluorooctane sulfonic acid, PFOS; perfluorooctanoic acid, PFOA; perfluorobutane sulfonate, PFBS). Six-hundred larvae were bred per treatment and per generation until emergence and egg deposition under a nominal concentration...

Tire and road wear particles (TRWP), which contribute significantly to microplastic emission, are receiving more attention, but details about particle composition, translocation from source sink, particularly the possible effects on ecosystems largely unknown. We examined influence of native TRWP-containing sediments two settling ponds mortality behavior aquatic larvae Chironomus riparius. Both...

In the 1960s Letha Karunakaran studied chironomid fauna of Singapore but faced a lack sufficiently detailed descriptions to enable identification her material with any certainty. She recognized seven species Chironomus (s.s) sent me fixed larval only four these which she tentatively identified as C. apicatus Johannsen 1932, costatus javanus Kieffer 1924, and stupidus 1932. larvae for confirmati...

In the current study, the bioconcentration behavior and acute toxicity of two polycyclic musks, Tonalide 7-acetyl-1,1,3,4,4,6-hexamethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene (AHTN) and Galaxolide 1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexa-methylcyclopenta[gamma]-2-benzopyran (HHCB), were studied in two benthic organisms. Polycyclic musks are frequently used fragrances, and they have been detected in diffe...