Those numeral classifier languages like Korean, Japanese, and Chinese mobilize classifiers together with numerals in naming and counting objects in the world. Classifiers serve to classify objects according to their shape, function and other semantic features often culturally defined. Discrete (or fuzzy) numerals are used to count the number of objects. In Korean and Japanese, plural marking al...

When objective group membership and subjective ethnic identification don’t align, which has a greater impact on how people feel towards the groups they affiliate with, and why? Deprived of many distinctiveness markers typically found in intergroup relations (e.g., physical features, obvious status differences), Taiwanese society provides a perfect natural context to explore the impact of object...


 The native Japanese name of the Buddha hotoke < poto2ke2 has no internal etymology and is likely to be a loanword introduced together with Buddhism. hypothesis link Korean pwuche pwuthye ‘Buddha’ their ultimate origin as deriving from Chinese rendering Sanskrit makes sense both linguistic historical point view. Still, last part forms correspondent in remained unaccounted for hitherto....

OBJECTIVE Our objective in this study was to examine how family social-support expectations have changed among older Chinese and Korean U.S. immigrants. METHODS Fifty-two Cantonese- and Korean-speaking immigrants older than 60 years participated in eight focus groups. Transcripts were translated into English. Themes were developed based on a coding structure and compared to past research. R...

OBJECTIVES This research investigated the barriers, attitudes, and dietary behaviors related to sodium reduction among the elderly Korean-Chinese population in Yanbian, China. METHODS We conducted this pilot study using both descriptive research and a focus group interview at the elderly community center in Yanbian. RESULTS In total, 21 elderly Korean-Chinese (average age, 71 years) were ex...

Jing nationality is a relatively conservative and isolated minority in China. Little is known about the association of the PIN2/TERF1-interacting telomerase inhibitor 1 (PINX1) and N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and serum lipid levels in the Chinese populations. This study aimed to clarify the association of 6 SNPs of the PINX1 and NAT2 and serum lipid level...

We identified single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers in the laccase gene to establish a line-diagnostic system for shiitake mushrooms. A total of 89 fungal isolates representing four lines, including Korean registered, Korean wild type, Chinese, and Japanese lines, were analyzed. The results suggest that SNP markers in the laccase gene can be useful for line typing in shiitake mushrooms.

Hummingbird submitted ranked result sets for the Chinese, Japanese and Korean Single Language Information Retrieval tracks of the Cross-Language Retrieval Task of the 3rd NII-NACSIS Test Collection for IR Systems Workshop (NTCIR-3). SearchServer 5.3’s segmenter for Asian text, compared to an overlapping n-gram approach, was found to modestly increase precision scores for Japanese, to have a neu...

This paper provides the results of an acoustic study of Korean laryngeal stop production by eight adult native speakers each of Mandarin Chinese, American English, Seoul Korean, and Latin American Spanish. Three measurements were taken: f0 (fundamental frequency), VOT (Voice Onset Time), and H1-H2 (the relative amplitude of the first versus the second harmonic of the voice source). The data ind...

Thomson Legal and Regulatory participated in the CLIR task of the NTCIR-4 workshop. We submitted formal runs for monolingual retrieval in Japanese, Chinese and Korean. Our bilingual runs from Chinese and Korean to Japanese rely on English as a pivot language. During our monolingual experiments, we compared building stopword lists using query logs to building stopword lists from collection stati...