Amblyopia is an exceedingly common visual deficit marked by poor visual acuity and subpar performance of one or both eyes due to misshapen refractive surfaces of the cornea or weak muscles around the eye. Success rates of current treatment options are inadequate, leaving millions of people with untreated or unimproved amblyopia. Much of this failure is due to a high rate of noncompliance to reg...

BACKGROUND Impairment of spatiotemporal visual processing in amblyopia has been studied extensively, but its effects on visuomotor tasks have rarely been examined. Here, we investigate how visual deficits in amblyopia affect motor planning and online control of visually-guided, unconstrained reaching movements. METHODS Thirteen patients with mild amblyopia, 13 with severe amblyopia and 13 vis...

PURPOSE In uncorrected anisometropia, protracted dichoptic stimulation may result in interocular inhibition, which may be a contributing factor in amblyopia development. This study investigates the relationship between interocular interactions and anisometropic amblyopia. METHODS Three visual functions (low-contrast acuity, contrast sensitivity, and alignment sensitivity) were measured in the...

The following three measurements were made on a group of 20 pediatric and 5 adult patients with unilateral amblyopia: (1) speed threshold for recognizing motion-defined dotted letters; (2) recognition acuity for isolated solid letters of 4% contrast; and (3) Snellen line acuity for high-contrast letters. Normal limits were established with a group of 30 pediatric and 10 adult control subjects. ...

Background: Amblyopia is a reduction in visual acuity that often involves reduction in visual skills such as ocular motility and accommodation. Various treatment modalities for amblyopia include spectacle correction, patching, atropine, and optometric vision therapy (OVT). Clinically, OVT often reduces the severity of amblyopia. There is also considerable anecdotal evidence that improvement in ...

We have compared the effects on visual acuity and binocular functions of grating stimulation (CAM therapy) and full-time occlusion in 38 4-year-old, previously untreated amblyopic children. The patients were divided into subgroups with regard to amblyopia type and fixation pattern. We found that grating stimulation was slightly better than occlusion in improving visual acuity of anisometropic a...

BACKGROUND The excess risk of bilateral visual impairment (BVI; bilateral visual acuity <0.5) among individuals with amblyopia is an argument for screening for amblyopia, but data are scarce. METHODS The risk was estimated by determining the incidence of BVI in the Rotterdam Study, a population-based cohort of subjects aged 55 years or over (n = 5220), including 192 individuals with amblyopia...

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate amblyopic patients with scanning laser ophthalmoscope microperimetry to determine whether the scanning laser ophthalmoscope data provide useful information in our understanding of amblyopia and assess its utility in the evaluation of amblyopic patients. Methods: In this retrospective case-series, clinical data of 46 patients with amblyopia were...

Identification of the neural basis of the visual deficits experienced by humans with amblyopia, particularly when associated with strabismus (strabismic amblyopia), has proved to be difficult in part because of the inability to observe directly the neural changes at various levels of the human visual pathway. Much of our knowledge has necessarily been obtained on the basis of sophisticated psyc...