Social role theory (Eagly, Wood, & Diekman, 2000) predicts that traditional gender ideology is associated with preferences for qualities in a mate that reflect a conventional homemaker-provider division of labor. This study assessed traditional gender ideology using Glick and Fiske’s (1996, 1999) indexes of ambivalent attitudes toward women and men and related these attitudes to the sex-typed m...

Gender color-coding of children's toys may make certain toys more appealing or less appealing to a given gender. We observed toddlers playing with two gender-typical toys (a train, a doll), once in gender-typical colors and once in gender-atypical colors. Assessments occurred twice, at 20-40 months of age and at 26-47 months of age. A Sex × Time × Toy × Color ANOVA showed expected interactions ...

Economic research on gender largely focuses biological sex, the binary classification as either a “man” or “woman.” We investigate value of incorporating measure continuous identity (CGI) into economics by exploring whether it explains variation in economic preferences and behavior beyond explanatory power sex. First, we validate novel single-item CGI survey study, showing that correlates with ...

Preschoolers' socialization of emotion and its contribution to emotional competence is likely to be highly gendered. In their work, the authors have found that mothers often take on the role of emotional gatekeeper in the family, and fathers act as loving playmates, but that parents' styles of socialization of emotion do not usually differ for sons and daughters. They also found several themes ...

Sex ratio imbalances found in Asia are primarily due to the increasing proportions of sons among children in China and India. This gradual demographic masculinization over the last two decades results from the rapid progression in the number of sex-selective abortions aimed at ensuring the birth of male children. While other factors such as female infanticide or excess child mortality have play...

Abstract There is continuing debate on how low China’s fertility has reached and whether China fallen into the “low trap”. This paper addresses this by revisiting trends in preferences past decades based a meta review. Moreover, analysis contrasts distinct measurements of to capture different aspects reproductive decision-making. papers reviews 152 studies resulting 137 estimates for mean prefe...

Many policy makers in developing countries see restricting family size as a good strategy for increasing average human capital investment. This belief is consistent with the observed negative correlation between quantity and quality of children both across countries and across households within countries. However, because parents simultaneously choose the quantity and quality of their children,...

a r t i c l e i n f o Humans have been shown to display phenomena resembling sexual imprinting, whereby adults are attracted to features in potential mates which resemble their opposite sex parent. In humans this may be particularly so when the parent–child relationship is positive, but there are currently limited data elucidating the causes of these patterns. Here we investigate whether such p...

asthma is the most prevalent chronic disease in childhood. to determine the prevalence of asthma and related symptoms in children younger than 5 years, a survey was performed by interviewing mothers of 617 children during spring 2001. the interview comprised of two parts. the first part contained children characteristics including age, sex, maternal age at the child birth, child history of atop...