Rear Facing child restraints (RFCR) have various component designs which can couple the restraint to the vehicle. Swedish tethers, which link the upper portion of the child restraint to the vehicle floor, prevent rearward rotation in rear impacts and during rebound in frontal crashes. They also simplify installation of restraints by allowing better control of the installation angle and removing...

From 1980 to 1990, safety-belt use among passenger-vehicle drivers in the United States increased from 11% to 49%; in 1990, use of safety belts prevented approximately 4800 deaths and 120,000 serious injuries among front-seat occupants (1). The increased use of safety belts from 1984 through 1990 was associated primarily with the enactment of state laws (Figure 1). In recent years, however, the...

Childhood death from vehicle crashes and the delivery of information about proper child restraint systems (CRS) use continues to be a critical public health issue. Safe Seat, a sequential, mixed-methods study identified gaps in parental knowledge about and perceived challenges in the use of appropriate CRS and insights into the preferences of various technological approaches to deliver CRS educ...

Helmet use protects against head injury. Our objective was to assess whether parental knowledge of helmet safety is associated with helmet use in children, and whether a relationship exists between helmet ownership and other safety behaviors. Three hundred forty-one surveys were distributed to parents of third through fifth graders; 97% of parents believed that a helmet confers protection; 49% ...

OBJECTIVE To quantify the independent contribution of recently enacted booster seat laws on appropriate restraint use by child passengers in motor vehicles. DESIGN Longitudinal study of children involved in crashes with data collected via insurance claims records and a validated telephone survey. SETTING Sixteen states and Washington, DC, from December 1, 1998, through December 31, 2004. ...

PROBLEM Child restraints (CRs) are vital for optimizing child passenger safety and reducing the risk of pediatric injury and fatality in motor vehicle crashes. However, most CRs are installed improperly. METHODS This present study was an assessment of observed instances of CR misuse. Participants were recruited through advertisements for CR inspection events in Los Angeles County, California....

This study aimed to investigate the utility of the responses of the two child dummies (P1.5 and P3) that are placed in the rear seat, in identical forwardfacing child restraints during frontal Australian NCAP (ANCAP) tests. Dynamic responses of the two child dummies, vehicle crash parameters, and frontal dummy responses were extracted from the ANCAP report database for 35 frontal crash tests. L...

This study sought to determine the need of seat belt reminder system for rear seat passengers for vehicles particularly in Malaysia. Analysing road crashes involving passenger vehicles, rear seat occupancy was evaluated. Besides, compactness of the rear seat was accordingly assessed. As results, a high rear seat occupancy, with significant number of seats being occupied can be observed. This fi...

Abstract Background Transfer into the operating room, onto table and mask induction of anaesthesia are major challenges faced by children with Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD). In a pilot study, parents observed that perioperative transfer becomes unsafe difficult when ASD uncooperative. Method A CHILD-KIND CONCEPT mobility system comprising multi-positioning seat configurations restraining mod...