The AKT2 kinase (protein kinase Bβ) is overexpressed in high-grade gliomas. Upregulation of the AKT2 gene has been previously observed in glioblastoma patients suffering from chemotherapy failure and tumor progress. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of AKT2 on viability and chemoresistance in the human glioblastoma cell line U251. The U251 cell line was stably transfected with shor...

While chromatin remodeling mediated by post-translational modification of histone is extensively studied in carcinogenesis and cancer cell's response to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, little is known about the role of histone expression in chemoresistance. Here we report a novel chemoresistance mechanism involving histone H4 expression. Extended from our previous studies showing that concurrent...

Gemcitabine-based chemotherapy is the most common treatment option for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, it offers little therapeutic value in many cases due to the rapid development of chemoresistance. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been found to play pivotal roles in the chemotherapeutic resistance of PDAC. We found that miR-410-3p was significantly down-regulated in human pancreatic...

Chemotherapy is one of the main approach for ovarian cancer. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) escape chemotherapy and lead to chemoresistance. We previously demonstrated that cordycepin (Cd) inhibited metastasis in human ovarian carcinoma cells, the aim of this study is to investigate the effects of Cd on ovarian cancer stemness. TGF-beta was used to induce chemoresistance of chemotherapeutic agent cis...

MiR-34a-5p has been implicated in the tumorigenesis and progression of several types of cancer. However, the role of miR-34a-5p in osteosarcoma (OS) remains largely unknown. This study was performed in two multi-chemosensitive (G-292 and MG63.2) and two resistant (SJSA-1 and MNNG/HOS) OS cell lines. MiR-34a-5p promotes OS multi-chemoresistance via its repression of the Delta-like ligand 1 (DLL1...

Rationale: Chemoresistance and subsequent recurrence of human urothelial bladder cancer (UBC) is partially driven by a subpopulation of tumor initiating cells, namely cancer stem cells (CSCs). However, the underlying molecular mechanism in chemotherapy-induced CSCs enrichment and following chemoresistance and recurrence remains largely unclear. Methods: Gemcitabine and cisplatin (GC) chemoresis...

Cancer chemotherapeutic drugs induce apoptosis by several pathways. Inactivation of proapoptotic genes, or activation of survival signaling, leads to chemoresistance. Activator protein 2alpha (AP-2alpha), a developmentally regulated sequence-specific DNA-binding transcription factor, has been shown to function like a tumor suppressor. Here, we show that controlled expression of AP-2alpha, using...

Lung cancer is the most leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounting for over 80% of all lung cancer cases. Patients with NSCLC are mostly treated with platinum-based chemotherapy. Chemoresistance is a leading cause of chemo-therapy failure in NSCLC treatment. Recent studies have shown that dysregulation of microRNAs might modulate the resi...

Cancer chemoresistance and metastasis are tightly associated features. However, whether they share common molecular mechanisms and thus can be targeted with one common strategy remain unclear in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Here, we report that high levels of microRNA-128-3p (miR-128-3p) is key to concomitant development of chemoresistance and metastasis in residual NSCLC cells having su...

Gastric cancer is a prevalent cancer and chemotherapy is a main treatment for patients. Docetaxel is commonly used as a chemotherapeutic drug for gastric cancer patients. With the increasing emergence of docetaxel resistance, exploring the mechanism of chemoresistance may improve prognosis of patients. In this study, we found that overexpressed miR-361-5p suppressed chemoresistance to docetaxel...