introduction: sulfur mustard (sm), a toxic alkylating gas, can cause serious long-term pulmonary complications such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd). metabolic syndrome (mets) is one of the important comorbidities of copd. this study was designed to evaluate the frequency of metabolic syndrome in iranian chemical warfare patients (cwps) with copd. materials and methods: thirty cw...

background: sulfur mustard (sm) as a chemical warfare agent, increases permeability of bronchial vessels and damages airway epithelium. sm exposure causes debilitating respiratory complications. this study was designed to evaluate clinical respiratory manifestations, and to compare chest x ray (cxr) and high resolution computed tomography (hrct) scan of chest in sm exposed patients with respira...

in the present work we studied the incidence of fetal deaths among conceptions whose fathers or both parents were survivors of chemical warfare attacks by iraq. we showed that there was significant correlation between frequency of fetal deaths among conceptions which eventuated after exposure of the parents to gas bombs compared to the frequency of fetal deaths among the control group. this wor...

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On-demand organic hypochlorites for the neutralization of sulfur-based chemical warfare simulants.

This article reviews the evidence supporting the efficacy of antidotes used or recommended for the potential chemical warfare agents of most concern. Chemical warfare agents considered include cyanide, vesicants, pulmonary irritants such as chlorine and phosgene, and nerve agents. The strength of evidence for most antidotes is weak, highlighting the need for additional research in this area.