Following on from the companion study (Johnson et al., 2006), a photochemical trajectory model (PTM) has been used to simulate the chemical composition of organic aerosol for selected events during the 2003 TORCH (Tropospheric Organic Chemistry Experiment) field campaign. The PTM incorporates the speciated emissions of 124 nonmethane anthropogenic volatile organic compounds (VOC) and three repr...

Multimedia environmental fate models are valuable tools for investigating potential changes associated with global climate change, particularly because thermodynamic forcing on partitioning behavior as well as diffusive and nondiffusive exchange processes are implicitly considered. Similarly, food-web bioaccumulation models are capable of integrating the net effect of changes associated with fa...

Abstnn-The purpose of t h ~ s review paper is to presenl the technical basis for es(abiishing srdiment quality sntaia using equilibrium partitioning (EqPJ. Equilibrium panitioning IS chosen because it addresses th? two principal technical issues that must be resolred: the varying bioavailability of chemicals in sediments and the choice of rhc appropriate b~ological effects conetooation. The dat...

The Linear Noise Approximation (LNA) is a continuous approximation of the CME, which improves scalability and is accurate for those reactions satisfying the leap conditions. We formulate a novel stochastic hybrid approximation method for chemical reaction networks based on adaptive partitioning of the species and reactions according to leap conditions into two classes, one solved numerically vi...

Biodiversity, or the relative abundance of species, measures the persistence of an ecosystem. To better understand its modulation, we analyzed the spatial and temporal dynamics of a synthetic, chemical-mediated ecosystem that consisted of two engineered Escherichia coli populations. Depending on the specific experimental conditions implemented, the dominant interaction between the two populatio...

Following on from the companion study (Johnson et al., 2005a), a photochemical tra-jectory model (PTM) has been used to simulate the chemical composition of organic aerosol for selected events during the 2003 TORCH (Tropospheric Organic Chemistry Experiment) field campaign. The PTM incorporates the speciated emissions of 124 5 non-methane anthropogenic volatile organic compounds (VOC) and three...

The formation of intrusion-related metal ore deposits commences with a combination sequential and melt interactions in the magma reservoir: (i) diffusion within melt; (ii) motion; (iii) partitioning between silicate melts magmatic immiscible phase (MIP, including and/or vapor phases, crystalized solids; (iv) advection (v) chemical MIP mush; (vi) finally deposition. Occasionally, these processes...

The analysis of the electronic-structure changes along IRC paths for double-proton-transfer reactions in the formamide dimer (R1), formamide-thioformamide system (R2), and the thioformamide dimer (R3) was performed based on the extended-transition-state natural orbitals for chemical valence (ETS-NOCV) partitioning of the reaction force, considering the intra-fragments strain and the inter-fragm...

Recent studies show the Earth’s core may contain more magnesium (Mg) than previously thought, with perhaps up to 6 wt% in the early core and ∼1wt% still existing now. The Mg partitioning between liquid and solid iron (Fe) under the relevant conditions is needed, therefore, in order to establish whether the presence of magnesium will have an effect on core properties, particularly those of the i...

Isomangiferin was isolated from Cyclopia subternata using a multi-step process including extraction, liquid-liquid partitioning, high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) and semi-preparative reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Enrichment of phenolic compounds in a methanol extract of C. subternata leaves was conducted using liquid-liquid partitioning with ethy...