Objective: Returning crop residue to the soil exerts favorable effects on physical and chemical properties of soil. In fact, the plant residues can affect soil conditions such as pH and important role in soil fertility and cycling of elements in the soil may have. In addition to the role of the organic matter from decomposition of crop residue in increasing the concentration of micronutrients i...

bituminous emulsion insulators are types of bituminous emulsions groups composed of different grades of bitumen emulsified in water by bentonite and emulsifiers at 80-90oc. these emulsions are water resistant after drying andtheir physical and mechanical properties are superior in comparison to bitumen properties. iranian climate, because of variety and extreme variations in temperature imposes...

hydraulic attributes play important role in hydrological studies, soil conservation, designing irrigation and drainage systems, soil conservation, and controlling soil erosion in watersheds. their measurements are very tedious and time consuming and due to high spatial variability, a large number of measurements are required for obtaining reliable values. nowadays, prediction of these attribute...

The spatial variation of soil physical and chemical properties in Funiu Mountain was studied to provide references for identifying soil spatial variation mechanism in bordering land of China warm temperate zone and northern subtropical region. Using vertical gradient sampling and traditional statistics method, the soil samples at the altitude from 1640 m to 1870 m were collected to compare phys...

objective: returning crop residue to the soil exerts favorable effects on physical and chemical properties of soil. in fact, the plant residues can affect soil conditions such as ph and important role in soil fertility and cycling of elements in the soil may have. in addition to the role of the organic matter from decomposition of crop residue in increasing the concentration of micronutrients i...

Oxygen is an important element for plant growth. Reducing its concentration in the soil affects plant physiological processes such as nutrient and water uptake as well as respiration, the redox potential of soil elements and the activity of microorganisms. The main mechanism of oxygen transport in the soil is by diffusion, a dynamic process greatly influenced by soil physical properties such as...