Rear-end collisions are the most frequently occurring type of collision in the United States, accounting for approximately 29% of all collisions. Of these collisions, many are socalled “low velocity” or “minimal impact” type collisions, characterized by low impact speeds (less than 9-10 mph) and limited observable damage to the rearended vehicle. Lumbar intervertebral disc injuries are sometime...

Last 5 lines of Paragraph 1. " Distributions of following time gaps were acquired from a recent ... rural two-lane highway " change to " Distributions of following time gaps were acquired from a recent on-road field study conducted by the University of Iowa, in conjunction with Frontier Engineering, Inc., which collected data on driver following behavior with and without a rear-end crash warnin...

The analysis of a rear-end collision warning/ avoidance (CW/CA) system algorithm will be presented. The system is designed to meet several criteria: 1. System warnings should result in a minimum load on driver attention. 2. Automatic control of the brakes should not interfere with normal driving operation. 3. The system should perform well in a variety of driving conditions. The resulting CA al...

1 7 . K e y W o r d s Crash Avoidance, Rear-End Collision, 1 8 . D i s t r i b u t i o n S t a t e m e n t Radar, Headway Maintenance, Crash Analysis, Performance Specifications 1 9 . S e c u r i t y Classif. ( o f t h i s r e p o r t ) 20. S e c u r i t y Classif. ( o f t h i s page) UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED 2 1 . N o . o f P a g e s 2 2 . Price Form DOT F 1700.7 (8-72) Reproduction of comple...

This paper presents the use of the Aimsun microsimulation program to simulate vehicle violating behaviors and observe their impact on road traffic crash risk. Plugins for violations of speeding, slow driving, and abrupt stopping were developed using Aimsun's API and SDK module. A safety analysis plugin for investigating probability of rear-end collisions was developed, and a method for analyzin...

This paper describes a framework for assessing the system safety impacts of an Adaptive or Intelligent Cruise Control (ICC) system. This framework incorporates a time-to-collision model that is developed from vehicle headway, speed, and acceleration data that are typically gathered as part of field operational tests. Specifically, the framework combines car-following models with vehicle deceler...

(ABSTRACT) This simulator-based study examined the use of conventional auditory warnings (tonal, non-verbal sounds) and auditory icons (representational non-verbal sounds), alone and in combination with a dash-mounted visual display, to present information about impending collision situations to commercial motor vehicle operators. Brake response times were measured for impending front-to-rear c...