BACKGROUND Visual assessment of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for xanthochromia (yellow color) is practiced by the majority of laboratories worldwide as a means of diagnosing intracranical bleeds. METHODS Colorimetric and spectrophotometric analysis of CSF samples for recognizing the presence of bilirubin either in low concentrations or in the presence of hemolysed blood. RESULTS The experiment...

The entry of nafcillin into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of humans was studied in the absence of meningeal inflammation. Twenty studies were performed in 18 patients receiving 40 mg of sodium nafcillin per kg intravenously over 30 min. The CSF specimens were obtained at 1, 2, 3, and 4 h postinfusion, and sera were obtained at 5 min and 1, 2, 3, and 4 h. Nafcillin was uniformly detected in the ...

Therapeutic control of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in peripheral compartments does not assure control in the central nervous system. Inadequate drug penetration may provide a sanctuary from which resistant virus can emerge or allow development of psychomotor abnormalities. To characterize the effect of ritonavir on indinavir disposition into cerebrospinal fluid, seven HIV-infect...

CEREBROSPINAL FLUID PRESSURE Evidence supports the association of low cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure with the prevalence of glaucoma, particularly with respect to normal-tension glaucoma (NTG). The most robust study comes from Tongren Hospital in Beijing, China, in which patients with both high-tension and normal-tension open-angle glaucoma as well as healthy controls underwent lumbar punct...

This article discusses the epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of traumatic cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks. An overview of traumatic CSF leaks is presented, and both conservative and operative therapies are reviewed. Management decisions are discussed based on the current literature. Controversial clinical topics are addressed, including the use of prophylactic antibiotics and the timing o...

INTRODUCTION Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks may arise as a complication of endoscopic sinus surgery, trauma, or hydrocephalus, or they may occur spontaneously without any identifiable cause. Despite general agreement that CSF leaks should not be left untreated, their initial management, the surgical indications, and the technique of repair are controversial. OBJECTIVE We undertook this study...

Analysis on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in neurological diagnosis has always been considered to be a strong point among the main complementary examinations in Brazil. The present paper reviews the main events in the history of CSF in the neurological sciences, with emphasis on the founders of several CSF schools in our country from the beginning of the 20th century to the present time.

Cerebrospinal fluids were treated with acid and the extent of protein denaturation along with surface perturbations was followed spectrophotometrically (method of difference spectra). It was found that the fluid samples from patients suffering from a number of neurologic diseases differed considerably among themselves and from pure proteins. The spectrophotometric differences obtained by the ad...

Normal Cerebrospinal Fluid Before turning to the findings in various diseases it is necessary to be certain of the normal range and of the alterations that may occur naturally, for example as a result of increasing age. Table i gives the ranges that are commonly accepted for most of the substances examined. The exact figure for chlorides may depend to some extent on the blood chloride level, bu...

Urine and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are two important biofluids used for disease biomarker discovery. For differential proteomic analysis, it is essential to evaluate individual and gender variations. In this study, we characterized urinary and CSF proteomes of 14 healthy volunteers with regard to individual and gender variations using 2DLC-MS/MS analysis and 8-plex iTRAQ quantification. A tota...