Our current understanding of the mechanisms that lead to successful biological invasions is limited. Although adaptations play a central role in biological invasions, genetic studies have so far failed to produce a unified theory. The bluespotted cornetfish, a recent Red Sea invader in the Mediterranean Sea via the Suez Canal, provides an ideal case study for research in the mechanisms of invas...

Ozone exposure causes airway hyperreactivity and increases hospitalizations resulting from pulmonary complications. Ozone reacts with the epithelial lining fluid and airway epithelium to produce reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation products, which then activate cell signaling pathways, including the mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. Both p38 and c-Jun NH2 terminal kinas...

Two sea turtle species nest in the Mediterranean, the green turtle and the loggerhead turtle. Leatherbacks are widely distributed in the Mediterranean, although they do not have any permanent nesting area. Two other species, the hawksbill and the Kemp’s ridley turtle only occur occasionally. Available information on sea turtle populations in the Mediterranean Sea, including distribution, popula...

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentration in air of the central and eastern Mediterranean in summer 2010 was 1.45 (0.30–3.25) ng m−3 (sum of 25 PAHs), with 8 (1–17) % in the particulate phase, almost exclusively associated with particles < 0.25 μm. The total deposition flux of particulate PAHs was 0.3–0.5 μ g m−2 yr−1. The diffusive air–sea exchange fluxes of fluoranthene and pyrene w...

today, extra tropical cyclones are recognized not only for the important influence they exert on midlatitude weather conditions but also for their integral role in the earth’s climate system. (gary luckmann, 2012). extra tropical cyclones are fundamental meteorological features and play a key role in a broad range of weather phenomena. they are a central component maintaining the global atmosph...

We analyzed data from catch statistics, scientific surveys and results from ecosystem models to assess main changes in marine resources of the North-Central Adriatic Sea (Central Mediterranean) from the mid 1970s to the early 2000s. We then quantified food-web changes using these datasets and trophodynamic indicators. We applied time series trends and a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to red...

This paper analyses current precipitation rates (PRs) and trends over the Mediterranean Sea region and their response to global climate change scenarios. The analysis uses 0.25° gridded PRs dataset over a 13-year period (1998– 2010) based on remote sensing data from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission. Future scenarios use the results of six global climate models (GCMs) under four represent...

The Mediterranean was formed as a result of movements in both the Earth and sea beginning back in the second era, around two hundred and twenty million years ago. Violent upheavals have marked its history every since. Up until then, the continents had formed a single island known as Pangea. When they floated apart, a sea was formed. The Greeks later called this sea Tethys, after a goddess born ...