Cyclodextrins (CDs) are cyclic oligosaccharides composed of α-d-glucose units linked by α-(1,4)-glucosidic bonds. α-CD, β-CD and γ-CD contain 6, 7 or 8 d-glucose units, respectively. CDs can bind to the active site pancreatic α-amylase competitively inhibit enzyme. Adding 0.100 mg CD/mg native wheat starch substantially reduces in vitro activity is a more potent inhibitor than α-CD γ-CD. 0.025,...

The effects of Cd stress (200 micromol/L, 8 days) on respiration and photosynthesis of three wheat cultivars were investigated: Chuanyu 12 (CY12), Chuanmai 42 (CM42), and Chuanmai 47 (CM47). Fifteen-day-old seedlings were exposed to 200 micromol/L CdCl2 for 4 days and 8 days, respectively. The results indicated that Cd was accumulated largely in roots, but little in leaves of all three cultivar...

Ionizing radiation-induced formation of genomic DNA damage can be modulated by nearby chemical species such as heavy metal ions, which can lead to non-linear dose response. To investigate this phenomenon, we studied cell survival and formation of 8-hydroxyguanine (8-OHG) base modifications and double strand breaks (DSB) caused by combined action of cadmium (Cd) and gamma radiation in cultured m...

In the structure of the title complex, (C(7)H(7)N(2)S)(2)[Cd(C(8)H(8)O(5))(2)]·6H(2)O, the Cd(II) atom is located on an inversion center and is O,O',O''-chelated by two symmetry-related 7-oxabicyclo-[2.2.1]heptane-2,3-dicarboxyl-ate ligands in a distorted octa-hedral geometry. The 2-amino-benzothia-zolium cation links with the Cd complex anion via N-H⋯O hydrogen bonding. Extensive O-H⋯O and N-H...

In the title coordinaltion polymer, [Cd(C(8)H(4)O(4))(C(8)H(7)N(3))(2)](n), the Cd(II) atom, lying on a twofold rotation axis, is six-coordinated by two carboxyl-ate O atoms from two benzene-1,3-dicarboxyl-ate (m-BDC) ligands and four N atoms from two chelating 2-(2-pyrid-yl)imidazole mol-ecules, forming a slightly distorted octa-hedral geometry. The m-BDC ligand is located over a twofold rotat...

OBJECTIVE Despite broad research in neurotrauma and shock, little is known on systemic inflammatory effects of the clinically most relevant combined polytrauma. Experimental investigation in an animal model may provide relevant insight for therapeutic strategies. We describe the effects of a combined injury with respect to lymphocyte population and cytokine activation. METHODS 45 male C57BL/6...

OBJECTIVE To assess the effect of a prospective screening strategy for the early diagnosis of celiac disease (CD) in children with Down syndrome (DS). STUDY DESIGN Blood samples were taken from 155 children with DS. Buccal swabs were also taken from 9 of these children for determination of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DQ2 or HLA-DQ8 positivity. Independently, immunoglobulin A anti-endomysium...

BACKGROUND Although exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) has been reported in a number of patients with celiac disease (CD), it is not clear if this is primarily a functional or a structural defect. We studied pancreatic structural abnormalities by endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) in adult CD patients with EPI. METHODS Pancreatic exocrine function was prospectively assessed in 36 recently diagn...

1.はじめに CGで現実感のある画像を生成する技術は、いかにして物体を 忠実に表現するかの技術である。物体を特徴付ける要素として は、大きく分けて、物体の形状と、物体表面の色情報や光学属 性などの表面属性がある。物体の表面属性を表現する場合、一 般的には、バンプマッピングなどのさまざまなマッピング手法 がとられている。CGデザイナがマッピングに利用できる素材と しては、市販の CD-ROM やインターネット経由で入手できる素 材集、およびテクスチャ生成のプログラムから出力されるデー タなどがある。 本報告で取り扱う石畳を表現する場合、CGデザイナが路面の 敷石を1つ1つモデリングして表現することが理想ではある が、大変な労力を要するため現実的ではない。一方、石畳の写 真素材を路面にマッピングして表現することも可能であるが、 以下のような問題が生ずる。 ・テクスチャ全体として凹凸が激し...

The hfarerirds Science Cimrion Index w on CD-ROM, a new specialty index launched by the Institute for Scientific Information’@, is discussed. The index contains searchable author abstracts,