No-reflow is an undesirable result of percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) [1]. Intracoronary (IC) vasodilators such as verapamil, nitroprusside, or adenosine are being administered for the treatment of no-reflow via the guiding catheter [2], but sometimes distal flow restoration is not satisfactory especially in patients with TIMI 0 flow. Vasoactive drug administration at the distal part ...

For chronic central venous dialysis catheters, the standard method for maintaining catheter patency between treatments is to instill (lock) catheters with 5000 - 10 000 units of heparin in each lumen. Sodium citrate (citrate) is an anticoagulant with intrinsic antibacterial activity (at 20% concentration or higher). Citrate has only transient anticoagulant effects if accidentally infused to the...

BACKGROUND The resolution of mapping is influenced by electrode size and interelectrode spacing. Smaller electrodes with closer interelectrode spacing may improve mapping resolution, particularly in scar. The aims of this study were to establish normal electrogram criteria in the atria for both 3.5-mm electrode tip linear catheters (Thermocool) and 1-mm multielectrode-mapping catheters (Pentara...

Four catheters (Ash Split Cath, Tesio, Duo-Split, and Duo--Flow; Medcomp, Harleysville, PA, U.S.A.) were tested in a temperature-controlled in vitro setup filled with 50% aqueous glycerin solution to determine hydraulic resistance at different flow rates. All these catheters have side holes; hydraulic resistance was determined with these holes open and closed. Due to extra pressure losses near ...

Flushing hemodynamic catheters is essential to maintain patency and therefore ensure accurate hemodynamic measurements, arterial blood sampling, and cardiac output determinations. Patency of hemodynamic catheters has been maintained for decades in critical care settings with pressurized infusions of heparinized saline to prevent clots from forming around or within catheters. Recently, the use o...

OBJECTIVES Using a through-the-needle local anesthetic bolus technique, ultrasound-guided infraclavicular perineural catheters have been shown to provide greater analgesia compared to supraclavicular catheters. A through-the-catheter bolus technique, which arguably "tests" the anesthetic efficacy of the catheter before initiating an infusion, has been validated for infraclavicular catheters but...

Objective: to assess the effectiveness and safety of peripherally inserted central catheter for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Methods: this review will follow recommendations Preferred Reporting Items Systematic Reviews Meta-Analyses, search steps be presented through flow diagram. The strategy aims locate both published unpublished studies. No time or language restrictions applied. ...

BACKGROUND Bloodstream infection related to short-term use of noncuffed central venous catheters is a common and serious problem. Technologic innovations to reduce the risk for these infections are needed. OBJECTIVE To determine 1) the efficacy of a novel antiseptic catheter in preventing central venous catheter-related infection, 2) patient tolerance of this catheter, and 3) the sources of b...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Nosocomial catheter related bloodstream infections (CR-BSI) increase morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients. Central venous catheters (CVC) coated with rifampin and minocycline (RM) decrease rates of colonization and CR-BSI. However, recent trials challenged the clinical impact of such catheters. We designed this trial to compare rates of colonization and C...

introduction: today, temporary or permanent venous catheters are being increasingly used in patients with renal failure. it seems a necessity to be familiar with their clinical applications and complications as well as their efficacy. the aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of two catheters of 16 cm and 20 cm lengths. methods: this research project was a descriptive, analytic study co...