Subjective Bayesianism is a major school of uncertain reasoning and statistical inference. Yet, it is often criticized for an apparent lack of objectivity. By and large, these criticisms come in three different forms. First, the lack of constraints on prior probabilities, second, the entanglement of statistical evidence and degree of belief, third, the apparent blindness to bias in experimental...

When processing arguments in online user interactive discourse, it is often necessary to determine their bases of support. In this paper, we describe a supervised approach, based on deep neural networks, for classifying the claims made in online arguments. We conduct experiments using convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and long short-term memory networks (LSTMs) on two claim data sets compile...

cosmological argument has been one of the most significant philosophical and theological arguments in religious traditions of different religions. in the western theo-philosophical tradition, there have been both different interpretations and numerous criticisms presented about this argument. in this article, the most important of those arguments and their criticisms are both taken into conside...

The theory of cognitive dissonance and research derived from it have yielded a rich array of insights into the mind. One of the early experiments on the theory, the classic experiment by Festinger and Carlsmith (1959), has been subjected to criticisms by scientists. Rijsman has offered novel, insightful criticisms of this classic experiment. In this article, I address these criticisms by review...