Invasions by alien plants are a significant threat to the biodiversity and functioning of ecosystems and the services they provide. The South African Working for Water program was established to address this problem. It needs to formulate objective and transparent priorities for clearing in the face of multiple and sometimes conflicting demands. This study used the analytic hierarchy process (a...

Controls of stream water NO3 in mountainous and forested catchments are not thoroughly understood. Longterm trends in stream water NO3 are positive, neutral and negative, often apparently independent of trends in N deposition. Here, time series of NO3 in four small acid-sensitive catchments in southern Norway were analysed in order to identify likely drivers of long-term changes in NO3. In two ...

To maintain the sustainable utilization of water resources and reduce soil erosion in the Loess Plateau, the Chinese government has adopted a number of environmental restoration strategies since 1999, including the Grain for Green Project (GFGP) and the Natural Forest Conservation Program; these large projects greatly alter the regional water cycle. Detecting runoff changes and quantitatively a...

The continuous ecological management of the Loess Plateau is known throughout the world for two strategies: the integrated soil conservation project that began in the 1970s, and the “Grain for Green” project that began in the 1990s. Six sub-catchments nested in the Beiluo River basin were selected to investigate streamflow regime variations during the two project periods. The annual streamflow ...

In this paper catchments are conceptualised as linear space-time filters. Catchment area A is interpreted as the spatial support and the catchment response time T is interpreted as the temporal support of the runoff measurements. These two supports are related by T∼A which embodies the space-time connections of the rainfall-runoff process from a geostatistical perspective. To test the framework...

Catchment-scale land-use change is recognised as a major threat to aquatic biodiversity and ecosystem functioning globally. In the UK uplands rotational vegetation burning is practised widely to boost production of recreational game birds, and while some recent studies have suggested burning can alter river water quality there has been minimal attention paid to effects on aquatic biota. We stud...

The calculation of loss is vital for design flood estimation models and in order to estimate continuing loss (CL), proportional loss (PL) and volumetric runoff coefficient, the surface runoff has to be separated from the total given in a stream flow hydrograph. To obtain the volume of surface runoff from the streamflow hydrograph, baseflow separation becomes necessary and in this paper a few ba...

Two multicriterion decision-making methods, namely ‘compromise programming’ and the ‘technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution’ are employed to prioritise 22 micro-catchments (A1 to A22) of Kherthal catchment, Rajasthan, India and comparative analysis is performed using the compound parameter approach. Seven criteria – drainage density, bifurcation ratio, stream frequenc...

Manganese (Mn) in surface waters is a micronutrient, but elevated concentrations are toxic to fish and impair drinking water quality. In Scotland, undesirable Mn concentrations (> 0.05 mg l(-1)) occur predominantly in upland freshwaters because the acidic pH and organic nature of catchment soils favour Mn mobilisation. The relationship between upland land-use in Scotland and Mn concentrations i...

[1] In the current empirical study, we provide evidence about how the hydrologic responses of small mountain catchments are related to aspect (slope direction and exposure) at Redondo Peak, located in the Valles Caldera, New Mexico, United States. Specifically, we test the hypothesis that the transit time of water is related to the catchment aspect. Aspect is an easily measurable and transferab...