OBJECTIVE Despite advances in medical care, survival to discharge and full neurologic recovery after cardiac arrest remains less than 20% after cardiopulmonary resuscitation. An alternate approach to traditional cardiopulmonary resuscitation is extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation, which places patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation during cardiopulmonary resuscitation and prov...

The primary function of the cardiopulmonary system is to provide blood flow (and oxygen) in quantities sufficient to support the metabolic needs of the body. The capacity of the cardiopulmonary system to fulfill this function is maximally stressed when an individual’s metabolic rate is increased, a condition that occurs most commonly during physical activity/ exercise. A number of physiological...

INTRODUCTION Cardiopulmonary bypass causes a series of inflammatory events that have adverse effects on the outcome. The release of cytokines, including interleukins, plays a key role in the pathophysiology of the process. Simultaneously, cessation of ventilation and pulmonary blood flow contribute to ischaemia-reperfusion injury in the lungs when reperfusion is maintained. Collapse of the lung...

This article reviews the existing knowledge about the effects of physical exercise on nitric oxide (NO) production in the cardiopulmonary system. The authors review the sources of NO in the cardiopulmonary system; involvement of three forms of NO synthases (eNOS, nNOS, and iNOS) in exercise physiology; exercise-induced modulation of NO and/or NOS in physiological and pathophysiological conditio...

Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is a unique clinical scenario that results in widespread activation of the hemostatic system. However, surgery also results in normal increases in coagulation activation, platelet activation, and fibrinolysis that are associated with normal wound hemostasis. Conventional CPB interferes with normal hemostasis by diluting hemostatic cells and proteins, through reinfus...

The relationship between variations in steady-state accommodation (microfluctuations) and rhythmic cycles in cardiopulmonary system was investigated. As previously reported, vascular pulse frequency was consistently correlated with the high frequency component of steady-state accommodation microfluctuations. In a new finding, respiration rate and an associated cycle in the instantaneous pulse r...

Processing of Heart Rate Variability (HRV) signal becomes more and more important for functional assessment of patient’s health. When developing Hybrid Models of cardiopulmonary system we need to make possible taking into account heart rate variability. Our aim is to generate signals that have properties similar to HRV in norm and in different pathologies. Hybrid models of cardiopulmonary syste...

OBJECTIVE Recent work suggests that delivery of continuous chest compression cardiopulmonary resuscitation is an acceptable layperson resuscitation strategy, although little is known about layperson preferences for training in continuous chest compression cardiopulmonary resuscitation. We hypothesized that continuous chest compression cardiopulmonary resuscitation education would lead to greate...

This case report describes techniques involved in the conversion of femoral-femoral percutaneous cardiopulmonary bypass to femoral/superior vena cava-femoral cardiopulmonary bypass with integrated cardiotomy suckers and cardioplegia delivery system. The conversion was instituted in order to repair an acute ventricular septal defect secondary to a myocardial infarction without switching to a tra...

Introduction There is general agreement that early internal stabilization in long bone fractures in severely injured patients is advantageous. Intramedullary reaming and nailing, however, include increased intramedullary pressure. This may cause intravasation of bone marrow contents, leading to bone marrow embolisation and altered cardiopulmonary function. Possible beneficial effects of attenua...