The spatial variation of rate constants for the ferri/ferrocyanide redox reaction in carbon felt was been determined through analysis single fibre electrodes. constant at each electrode measured using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) data. Qualitative data also from peak separation extracted cyclic voltammograms. Both EIS and voltammetry showed a wide kinetics over samples. Analysis...

Properties of phase transitions are conveniently investigated using order parameters. However, the order parameter may not always be phenomenologically accessible. Besides, in nature most fields are non-order parameter fields. This lead to the question whether it is possible to extract relevant information about, or even identify, the onset of a phase transition using nonorder parameter fields....

Numerous studies agree that income inequality, rather than absolute income, is an important predictor of happiness. However, its specific role has been controversial. We argue that income inequality and happiness should exhibit an inverted U-shaped relationship due to the dynamic competing process between two effects: when income inequality is relatively low, the signal effect will be the domin...

OBJECTIVES Many older adults have significant depressive symptoms but few people access care for these. This study explores which personal, clinical and need factors facilitate or hinder acceptance of a new outreaching preference-led intervention programme. METHODS From a sample of 9661 community-dwelling 65+ year olds, 244 persons with depressive symptoms according to the Patient Health Ques...

The present research introduces a new mechanism by which emotion can affect evaluation. On the basis of the self-validation hypothesis (R. E. Petty, P. Briñol, & Z. L. Tormala), the authors predicted and found that emotion can influence evaluative judgments by affecting the confidence people have in their thoughts to a persuasive message. In each study, participants first read a strong or weak ...

High-temperature methane infiltration of thin, free-standing films of acid-treated single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) has been studied by means of scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. In the early stages of infiltration, carbon nuclei form predominantly at SWCNT bundle intersections. Further growth proceeds via the formation of graphite nano...