Enterococci possess capsular carbohydrate antigens that are targets of opsonic antibodies. These antigens may be used to develop alternative options for the treatment and prevention of enterococcal infections. The present study was done to analyze the diversity of capsular polysaccharides in Enterococcus faecalis. Four type-specific sera were used in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay format ...

Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype epidemiology is essential since serotype replacement is a concern when introducing new polysaccharide-conjugate vaccines. A novel PCR-based automated microarray assay was developed to assist in the tracking of the serotypes. Autolysin, pneumolysin and eight genes located in the capsular operon were amplified using multiplex PCR. This step was followed by a tagg...

Pasteurella multocida is considered to be an important cause of ovine pneumonia and results causes considerable economic losses in Iran. Ribotyping PCR (Ribo-PCR) was used for investigating the diversity of ovine and caprine P.multocida. A total of 120 swab tonsil and nasal samples were obtained from sheep and goats. They were analyzed by biochemical tests and Ribo-PCR 16S-23S ribosomal RNA gen...

Despite the extensive advances that have been made in biomedical sciences in the past few decades, the development and implementation of novel vaccines remains a highly pragmatic and uncertain endeavor. Although the concept of vaccination is >200 years old and was formalized by Pasteur >100 years ago, progress in the development of vaccines remains comparatively slow and has not accelerated in ...

We describe the epidemiology of invasive meningococcal disease in South Africa from August 1999 through July 2002, as reported to a laboratory-based surveillance system. Neisseria meningitidis isolates were further characterized. In total, 854 cases of laboratory-confirmed disease were reported, with an annual incidence rate of 0.64/100,000 population. Incidence was highest in infants < 1 year ...

introduction: the aim of this study was to setup, optimize and introduce a sensitive and specific pcr detection method for identification of neisseria meningitidis dna in clinical samples. material and methods: capsular transport gene a (ctra) was selected as a specific target sequence. this primer pair amplifies 101bp of the target gene. neisseria meningitidis strain: atcc; 13090 and neisseria...

pasteurella multocida is considered to be an important cause of ovine pneumonia and results causes considerable economic losses in iran. ribotyping pcr (ribo-pcr) was used for investigating the diversity of ovine and caprine p.multocida. a total of 120 swab tonsil and nasal samples were obtained from sheep and goats. they were analyzed by biochemical tests and ribo-pcr 16s-23s ribosomal rna gen...