This paper deals with a capital to risk asset ratio chance-constrained optimization model in the presence of loans, treasury bill, fixed assets and non-interest earning assets. To model the dynamics of loans, we introduce a modified CreditMetrics approach. This leads to development of a deterministic convex counterpart of capital to risk asset ratio chance constraint. We pursue the scope of ana...

the authors examine the effects of government expenditure on economic growth in iran, using annual data for the period of 1973-2003. in this paper, they lookat the offects of human, physical capital, and government budget on gdp. in the model developed in this paper, accumulation of human capital is dependent on physical. human capital, and government budget as well. the result indicate that go...

This paper develops a real options model of capital structure to understand two distinct roles played by intellectual capital in corporate financing decisions. First, intellectual capital limits a firm’s debt capacity because of its low liquidation value. Second, intellectual capital enhances a firm’s debt capacity through its positive impact on the earnings dynamics. We show that the former is...

where Y is total output (or income), t is time, H is the stock of capital, and L is the labor supply. The parameter α ∈ (0, 1) is a distribution parameter, and σ = 1/(1 − ρ) is the elasticity of substitution between capital and technology-augmented labor. The CES function is among the most commonly employed production functions, and was among the original models presented by [2]. The CES is a g...

We present a model of economic development where the importance of financial differences caused by limited enforcement can be measured. Economies where enforcement is poor direct less capital to the production sector, and employ less efficient technologies. Calibrated simulations reveal that the resulting effect on output is large. Furthermore, the model correctly predicts that the average scal...

based on existing literature social capital is defined as a set of norms and rules and informal networks that provide association, trust and collective action to obtain the public good. the empowerment projects of world bank that has been implemented in many third world countries in the late 1980s followed by a non-reductionist non- physical approach integration of cultural and socio- economic ...

Two competing approaches to setting risk-based capital (RBC) parameters are the traditional probability of ruin approach and the more recent expected policyholder deficit (EPD) ratio approach. The probability of ruin approach develops capital standards based on a fixed maximum probability of insolvency regardless of risk. The EPD ratio approach allows tradeoffs between the risk of insolvency an...

Recent analysis of proton and deuteron deep-inelastic scattering data have suggested that the extracted d/u quark distribution ratio at large x may be significantly larger than previously believed, if the data are corrected for nuclear binding effects in the deuteron. We examine the sensitivity to the large-x d/u ratio of lepton asymmetries from W-boson production in pp and pp collisions at lar...

intellectual capital is set of knowledge-based assets that belongs to an organization and will add value to key organizational stakeholders and this leads to a better competitive situation. the objective of this research is to investigate the relationship between intellectual capital and companies' performance in iran during 1382-1387 using lisrel software. earning per share, return on equ...