Method Only single-rooted teeth from the anterior maxillary and mandibular sextants were included within this audit. All treatment cases included within these audit cycles were assessed, treatment-planned and treated in accordance within the guidelines set by the strict surgical protocol determined in Part One of this series. Exclusion factors from the audit were: posterior teeth, those whose t...

The term "anomaly" refers to a marked deviation from a normal standard usually caused by a hereditary or congenital defect. While there are many classifications of temporal bone anomalies, we believe that a simple division into major and minor anomalies of the temporal bone is sufficient. Major malformations (anomalies) are those in which there is stenosis or atresia of the external ear canal. ...

inguinal bladder hernia is a rare clinical condition, with 1–3% of all inguinal hernias involving the bladder. any portion of the bladder may herniate, from a small portion or a diverticulum to most of the bladder. we present a 55-year-old male with an intermittent right scrotal mass of 6 months’ duration. the mass lesion protruded through the right inguinal canal before voiding and reduced aft...

OBJECTIVE Apical deviations are important factors in endodontic therapy, since they can cause the treatment failure. The aim of the present study was to determine the centering capacity of ProTaper Universal™, Twisted File™ and Revo-S® rotary systems using cone beam computed tomography analysis before and after the instrumentation of root canals. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty mesiobuccal roots...

Narrow depolarized canals are common in maps of the polarized synchrotron emission of the Milky Way. Two physical effects that can produce these canals have been identified: the presence of Faraday rotation measure (RM) gradients in a foreground screen and the cumulative cancellation of polarization known as differential Faraday rotation. We show that the behaviour of the Stokes parameters Q an...

The aim of this study was to compare two methods of assessing apical transportation in curved canals after rotary instrumentation, namely, cross-sections and micro-computed tomography (µCT). Thirty mandibular molars were divided into two groups and prepared according to the requirements of each method. In G1 (cross-sections), teeth were embedded in resin blocks and sectioned at 2.0, 3.5, and 5....