Commentary Childhood absence epilepsy (CAE) is a common pediatric epilepsy syndrome, accounting for approximately 10 to 17 percent of childhood epilepsy (1, 2). The EEG pattern in CAE is an approximate 3-Hz bilateral synchronous, symmetric spike and slow wave, with seizures often activated by hyperventila-tion (HV). Treatment of CAE is not optimal, with many children having incomplete seizure c...

Pediatric pulmonary vascular disease (PVD) and pulmonary hypertension (PH) represent phenotypically and pathophysiologically diverse disease categories, contributing substantial morbidity and mortality to a complex array of pediatric conditions. Here, we review the multifactorial nature of pediatric PVD, with an emphasis on improved recognition, phenotyping, and endotyping strategies for pediat...

Coronary artery ectasia (CAE) is characterized by inappropriate dilatation of the coronary vasculature. The mechanisms of CAE are not well known. Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) may make endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells more sensitive to the effects of growth hormone. In the present study, we hypothesized that IGF-1 may have an impact on the formation of ectasia and aneurysm in ar...

BACKGROUND Whether coronary artery ectasia (CAE) is a unique clinical finding or results from other clinical entities is still unknown. We aimed to determine the CAE prevalence, investigate the relationship between CAE and patients' demographic and clinical characteristics, and assess the prognosis at follow-up in a sample of Iranian population. METHODS Totally, 10057 patients who underwent c...

Cerebral air embolism (CAE) is a common, often lethal, complication in blunt and penetrating chest trauma. The factors affecting the outcome of CAE patients are poorly understood, and there is no generally accepted treatment algorithm. In this report, we present the case of a 28-year-old male motorcyclist with a massive CAE, including bilateral internal carotid artery air on computed tomographi...

Peripheral vascular disease (PVD), with its symptomatic manifestation, intermittent claudication, is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, and is an important cause of clinic visits and hospitalizations. Many patients with PVD sustain cardiovascular complications, such as heart attacks and strokes, which represent the main causes of death in this condition, rather than PVD per se...

In the parallel variable distribution framework for solving optimization problems (PVD), the variables are distributed among parallel processors with each processor having the primary responsibility for updating its block of variables while allowing the remaining “secondary” variables to change in a restricted fashion along some easily computable directions. For constrained nonlinear programs c...

To determine the impact of progressive elevations in peripheral vascular disease (PVD) risk on microvascular function, we utilized eight rat models spanning "healthy" to "high PVD risk" and used a multiscale approach to interrogate microvascular function and outcomes: healthy: Sprague-Dawley rats (SDR) and lean Zucker rats (LZR); mild risk: SDR on high-salt diet (HSD) and SDR on high-fructose d...

The present study aimed to investigate the effects of angiotensin (Ang) 1-7 on caerulein (CAE)-stimulated nuclear factor (NF)‑κB, Toll‑like receptor (TLR4) and cytokine expression using pancreatic acinar AR42J cells. AR42J cells were treated with 10 nmol/l CAE for various durations. In addition, cells were pretreated with various concentrations of Ang 1‑7 or A779, a specific antagonist of Ang 1...

Leaf extracts of C. vamana, endemic to Kerala state in India, were found to inhibit cell cycle progression in synchronous cultures of P. polycephalum in a concentration and phase-specific manner. Crude alkaloid extract (CAE) elicited maximum cell cycle delays in comparison to soxhletted chloroform, acetone and aqueous extracts. Total alkaloid content of CAE was found to be 64.9 mg/g. CAE showed...