A quantitative understanding of how transcription factors interact with genomic target sites is crucial for reconstructing transcriptional networks in vivo. Here, we use Hac1, a well-characterized basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factor involved in the unfolded protein response (UPR) as a model to investigate interactions between bZIP transcription factors and their target sites. Durin...

TCF11 is a bZIP transcription factor of the CNC subfamily. It has been implicated in the regulation of the antioxidant response and is vital during embryonic development, but its precise biological functions have not yet been fully worked out. Structural characterization of the gene and several of its products indicates that complex regulatory mechanisms are employed. To investigate how alterin...

The leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factors play important roles in multiple biological processes. However, less information is available regarding the bZIP family in the important fruit crop banana. In this study, 121 bZIP transcription factor genes were identified in the banana genome. Phylogenetic analysis showed that MabZIPs were classified into 11 subfamilies. The majority of MabZIP ge...

The group C-bZIP transcription factors (TFs) are involved in diverse biological processes, such as the regulation of seed storage protein (SSP) production and the responses to pathogen challenge and abiotic stress. However, our knowledge of the abiotic functions of group C-bZIP genes in wheat remains limited. Here, we present the function of a novel TabZIP14-B gene in wheat. This gene belongs t...

BATF is a member of the AP-1 (activator protein-1) family of bZIP (basic leucine zipper) transcription factors that form transcriptionally inhibitory, DNA binding heterodimers with Jun proteins. In the present study, we demonstrate that BATF is phosphorylated in vivo on multiple serine and threonine residues and at least one tyrosine residue. Reverse-polarity PAGE revealed that serine-43 and th...

Four short nucleotide sequences (boxes I to IV) contribute to the light responsiveness of the parsley chalcone synthase promoter. The sequence-related boxes II and III resemble several plant, viral, and bacterial promoter elements that share ACGT core sequences and are associated with diversely regulated genes. We have analyzed the binding characteristics and protein-protein interactions of fac...

The present paper analyzes the usefulness of the normalized compression distance for the problem to cluster the HA sequences of virus data for the HA gene in dependence on the available compressors. Using the CompLearn Toolkit, the built-in compressors zlib and bzip are compared. Moreover, a comparison is made with respect to hierarchical and spectral clustering. For the hierarchical clustering...

The PEND protein is a DNA-binding protein in the inner envelope membrane of a developing chloroplast, which may anchor chloroplast nucleoids. Here we report the DNA-binding characteristics of the N-terminal basic region plus leucine zipper (bZIP)-like domain of the PEND protein that we call cbZIP domain. The basic region of the cbZIP domain diverges significantly from the basic region of known ...

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) causes infectious mononucleosis and is linked to several human malignancies. EBV has a biphasic infection cycle consisting of a latent and a lytic, replicative phase. The switch from latent to lytic infection is triggered by the EBV immediate-early transcription factor ZEBRA (BZLF1, Zta, Z, EB1). We present the crystal structure of ZEBRA's DNA binding domain bound to an...