Self-constructed cities refer to impoverished neighborhoods that suffer from inadequate housing. Such are the result of individual or communal initiatives must self-construct their neighborhoods. Most self-constructed located near endangered bioregions on Earth, and continued growth will inevitably aggravate human impact our planet. Dwellers in these areas tackle threats such as poverty, enviro...

Assisted migration (AM) is a translocation of the representatives species to areas outside their natural habitats as response climate change. This article seeks identify how customary norms and general principles international environmental law could guide development regulation AM maximizing benefits using minimizing AM-related risks. Among discussed in relevant are permanent sovereignty over ...

in this paper the concept and the definition of the social and economic justice are evaluated considering the views of western and islamic thinkers and theorist and the focus is on the rationality. according to this evaluation, the criteria of economic justice in accordance with the islamic framework are extracted; which are: the equal availability of natural resources for everybody, the determ...

The equity rule is favored by groups that emphasize productivity, but there is limited support for the notion that equity actually facilitates productivity in groups (Deutsch, 1985). We propose that the relationship between equity and productivity may depend on whether individual group members have an independent or interdependent self-construal. This prediction was tested in an experiment in w...

Research on distributive, procedural, and interactional justice has shown that individuals have strong preferences for specific fairness-related decision criteria (e.g., equity, etc.) but that the relative importance of these criteria varies as a function of social context. Students offered importance ratings of 21 justice criteria three times over a semester. Multilevel growth curve modeling s...

     Roads have an important role in plants dispersal on different scales. Various plant species settle on roadsides, but some of them can enter the natural environments and threaten their biodiversity. Worldwide knowledge of roadside flora is necessary for local and global management of natural areas. Accordingly, the roadside flora of Northern Khorasan rangelands was studied along the 600 km ...

OBJECTIVE To understand the meaning assigned to ethical thought that should guide Brazilian bioethicists regarding the equity of a Health System. METHODS Between July 2007 and July 2008, 20 bioethicists, directors and former directors of the 'Sociedade Brasileira de Bioética' (Bioethics Brazilian Society) and their regional administrations were interviewed. RESULTS Discourse analysis led to...