this paper modeled heating air of a room through examining free convection in a 3d chamber. the chamber had cold and hot sources with tc and th temperatures, respectively. its other walls were adiabatic. this study aimed at predicting effect of temperature difference, displacement of hot and cold sources and their aspect ratio on flow field, temperature and heat transfer rate. to conduct the st...

A non-modal approach based on the potential vorticity (PV) perspective is used to compute the singular vector (SV) that optimizes surface kinetic energy growth for the βplane Eady model without upper rigid lid. The basic state buoyancy and zonal velocity profile are chosen such that the background potential vorticity gradient is zero. If the f0-plane approximation is made, the SV growth at the ...

Subsurface two-phase flow in porous media often takes place in reservoirs with a high ratio between the associated lateral and vertical extent and the lateral and vertical flow time scales. This allows for a two-scale approach with effective quantities for two-dimensional horizontal flow equations obtained from reconstructed hydrostatic vertical pressure and saturation distributions. Here, we d...

The physical qualities of water are well established and include buoyancy, water drag force, hydrostatic pressure and thermal conductivity [1]. The large difference in these physical qualities, compared to land-based activities, affect the human body in both physiologic and biomechanical aspects. An example of this is buoyancy, which acts vertically against gravity on the immersed object thus d...

In dense flowing bidisperse particle mixtures varying in size or density alone, smaller particles sink (percolation-driven) and lighter rise (buoyancy-driven). But when species differ from each other both density, percolation buoyancy can either enhance (large/light small/heavy) oppose (large/heavy small/light) other. the latter case, a local equilibrium exist which two mechanisms balance remai...

– The cuttlefish’s inner shell, better known under the name “cuttlebone”, is a complex structure that has been studied by scientists since nearly two centuries. indeed, this shell which is involved in tissue support and buoyancy regulation unites useful properties such as high mechanical resistance, porosity and permeability. Moreover, this ostensibly straight shell is unique in extant and know...

Boundary layers driven by surface buoyant forcings are commonly observed in the environmental flows. An atmospheric example of such boundary layer is the so-called convective boundary layer (CBL), which is driven by buoyancy production at the heated underlying surface during the daytime conditions. The buoyancy is defined as b= g − ( ρ -ρ0 )/ρ0 , where ρ is the density of the fluid, ρ0 is the r...

The geometric approach to force balance advocated by T. Hughes in a series of publications has challenged the analytic approach by implying that the latter does not adequately account for basal buoyancy on ice streams, thereby neglecting the contribution to the gravitational driving force associated with this basal buoyancy. Application of the geometric approach to Byrd Glacier, Antarctica, yie...