Compound action potentials were recorded from rat olfactory receptor neuron axons at measured distances from the stimulation electrode along the lateral surface of the main olfactory bulb. Distances were plotted as a function of the latencies measured from stimulus onset to the prominent negative trough of the triphasic compound action potential. A straight line was fitted to these data to calc...

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Identification of carotid near-occlusion is essential before calculation of percent stenosis because stroke risk is lower than other severe stenosis and the treatment benefit is less. Calculations with reduced distal diameters are fallacious. CT angiography (CTA) is convenient and accurately quantifies internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis. METHODS In a blinded protocol, 2...

AIM The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial and antioxidant effects of Crinum jagus (J. Thomps.) Dandy methanolic bulb extract in wound healing. MATERIALS AND METHODS Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, glycosides, tannins, and saponins in the extract. In vitro antimicrobial activity of the extract was determined by agar well diffusion method. In vivo a...

Renewable energy sources are considered a part of the future production in Malaysia. The main objectives this research to append new extraction technique that harvests from tides and develop preliminary design for tidal plant at Kuching Barrage. Knowing diameter turbine, dimensions powerhouse achieved conjunction with site conditions. centerline should be least below low water tide so is all ti...

Today’s agriculture sector faces a complex series of challenges to cope with the demands for sustainable management and production, which entails an increase in food production ensure security while using less water per unit output reducing nitrogen (N) fertilizer losses through leaching. The experiment was conducted at Adami Tulu Agricultural Research Center on-station study effect different i...

How olfactory sensory neurons converge on spatially invariant glomeruli in the olfactory bulb is largely unknown. In one model, olfactory sensory neurons interact with spatially restricted guidance cues in the bulb that orient and guide them to their target. Identifying differentially expressed molecules in the olfactory bulb has been extremely difficult, however, hindering a molecular analysis...

While there is evidence that feedback projections from cortical and neuromodulatory structures to the olfactory bulb are crucial for maintaining the oscillatory dynamics of olfactory bulb processing, it is not clear how changes in dynamics are related to odor perception. Using electrical lesions of the olfactory peduncle, sparing output from the olfactory bulb while decreasing feedback inputs t...

Zinc ions are selectively accumulated in certain neurons (zinc-enriched neurons). The mouse olfactory bulb is richly innervated by zinc-enriched terminals. Here, the plasticity of the zincergic system was studied in the olfactory bulb of the Purkinje Cell Degeneration mutant mouse, an animal with specific postnatal neurodegeneration of the main projection neurons of the olfactory bulb. The anal...

one of the most effective ways to propagate lilium is by using tissue culture techniques, preferably through bulblet production. in addition to the surviving percentage of lilium bulbs after transplantation, the small size of in vitro bulblets compared to commercial bulbs and bulblets‟ dormancy are the most important constraints to commercializing lilium micropropagation. different concentratio...

Abiotic stresses deteriorate plant growth resulting in devastating yield losses. Salt stress solely cause ionic toxicity and disturbed homeostasis, whereas combined salt drought has more pronounced effects on plants. This study aimed to screen 32 Turkish onion breeding lines commercial cultivars based their morpho-physiological biochemical responses after exposure drought, salt, + at the bulbif...