Industrialization and increasing demand for the consumption of fossil fuels cause that energy becomes a strategic factor. Energy crisis and the emergence of modern architecture led designers to pay more attention to the important task of building's envelope. Building skins play an important role in building thermal behavior and reduce energy consumption. If Double Skin Facades properly designed...

Abstract Urban transport plays an important role in low-carbon eco-city and energy conservation and emission reduction in the transport sector. Urban low-carbon transport system is a complex dynamic system including society, economy, motor vehicles, cars, transport infrastructure and other factors. This paper analyzes the complex dynamics relationship through building an urban low-carbon transp...

This paper describes the development of a 3D model of the non-domestic building stock of England and Wales. The model’s purpose is to assess energy use in the stock, and study conservation options. Previous stock models have used data on floor area by activities, and have not represented building geometry. The present model by contrast combines digital maps and property taxation data to build a...

School buildings as a major part of public buildings are considered as one of the basic consumers of energy in Iran. Based on building typology and occupancy patterns, school buildings have a great potentiality for energy optimization while providing thermal comfort. This study investigates the architectural design parameters such as orientation, optimum window to wall ratio, space organization...

Preface The Code of Practice for Energy Efficiency of Electrical Installations (Electrical Code) developed by the Electrical & Mechanical Services Department (EMSD) aims to set out the minimum design requirements on energy efficiency of electrical installations. It forms a part of a set of comprehensive Building Energy Codes (BEC) that addresses energy efficiency requirements in building servic...

Given restrictions that comfort conditions in the interior of a building are satisfied, it becomes obvious that the problem of energy conservation is amultidimensional one. Scientists from a variety of fields have been working on this problem for a few decades now; however, essentially it remains an open issue. In the beginning of this article, we define the whole problem in which the topics ar...